{"id":909,"date":"2009-09-15T10:33:17","date_gmt":"2009-09-15T07:33:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=909"},"modified":"2024-03-08T10:05:28","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T07:05:28","slug":"avrupali-obamayi-amerikalidan-daha-cok-mu-seviyor-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=909","title":{"rendered":"Avrupal\u0131, Obama’y\u0131 Amerikal\u0131dan daha \u00e7ok mu seviyor? (15.09.2009) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack H\u00fcseyin Obama se\u00e7ildi\u011fi ilk g\u00fcnlerde sahip oldu\u011fu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc y\u00fcksek pop\u00fclaritesini bir nebze olsun kaybetse de, halen yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm icraatla ve s\u00f6yledi\u011fi her s\u00f6zle ilgileri \u00fczerine \u00e7ekmeyi ba\u015far\u0131yor. Bundan daha tabii bir \u015fey olabilir mi? D\u00fcnyan\u0131n tek hiper g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn lideri olarak sadece kendi \u00fclkesine de\u011fil, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n genel gidi\u015fat\u0131na da b\u00fcy\u00fck etki ediyor Obama’n\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131. \u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131, Amerikan ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n politikalar\u0131n\u0131 onaylayan Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, Obama’n\u0131n \u00f6z be \u00f6z vatanda\u015f\u0131 olan Amerikal\u0131lardan daha fazla olmas\u0131. Bu bilgiye, German Marshall Fund (GMF) adl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015funun art\u0131k gelenekselle\u015fen “Transatlantik E\u011filimler” ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n 2009 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan ula\u015f\u0131yoruz. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’nin de bulundu\u011fu 12 Avrupa \u00fclkesi ve ABD’de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n %77’si Ba\u015fkan Obama’n\u0131n g\u00f6reve geldikten sonra uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler alan\u0131nda takip etti\u011fi politikalar\u0131 desteklediklerini s\u00f6ylerken, ayn\u0131 konuda destek veren ABD vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n oran\u0131 ise %57’de kal\u0131yor. TEMK\u0130NL\u0130 YAKLA\u015eIM <\/strong>Asl\u0131nda bu sonu\u00e7, Amerika’n\u0131n Avrupa kamuoylar\u0131 nezdindeki imaj\u0131n\u0131n son 8 ayda ne kadar olumlu bir y\u00f6nde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini de ortaya koyuyor. Zira, 2008’de yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde ya\u015fayanlardan sadece %18’i o zamanki ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 George W. Bush’un politikalar\u0131n\u0131 onaylamaktayd\u0131lar. Keza 2008’de %33 olan, “ABD’nin uluslararas\u0131 alanda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir liderlik g\u00f6stermesi gerekti\u011fine” inananlar\u0131n oran\u0131, 2009’da %49’a t\u0131rmanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Obama’ya temkinli yakla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sadece ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin \u00fczerinden \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na, se\u00e7imler s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Cumhuriyet\u00e7i-Demokrat ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkilerinin h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funa ba\u011flamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Bunun \u00f6tesinde, Ba\u015fkan Obama’n\u0131n “de\u011fi\u015fim” yapay\u0131m derken ABD’nin t\u00fcm dengelerini alt \u00fcst edece\u011fini (son Sa\u011fl\u0131k Reformu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadele plans\u0131z, g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz ve etkisiz g\u00f6ren, ekonomiyi d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in piyasaya “gere\u011finden fazla” m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fini savunanlar da var. Ama daha derinlemesine bir analiz yap\u0131p, Obama’n\u0131n Beyaz Saray’a gidi\u015finin \u00fczerinden 8 ay ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hen\u00fcz bir siyah\u0131n, \u00fcstelik babas\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir siyah\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011funda oturuyor olmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7lerine sindiremeyenlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia edenler de var. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta, 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde Amerikal\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, “ba\u015flar\u0131na bir \u015fey gelebilir” kayg\u0131s\u0131yla, di\u011fer g\u00fcnlere nazaran \u00e7ok daha dikkatli davrand\u0131klar\u0131na dair gazete haberlerini okudu\u011fumuzda bu gerek\u00e7enin yabana at\u0131l\u0131r cinsten olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahede etmi\u015f olduk. Peki Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n Obama’ya duyduklar\u0131 sempatinin sebebi ne? Bunu sadece “Obama \u00c7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131”n\u0131n devam etmesiyle izah edebilir miyiz? Yoksa, “K\u00f6le Isaura Etkisi” \u015feklinde ifade edebilece\u011fimiz, “Beyaz Saray’\u0131n \u00e7ikolota renkli kral\u0131na” duyulan naif hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u0131 yans\u0131mas\u0131 bu y\u00fcksek destek oranlar\u0131? Asl\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z, \u00fclke \u00fclke ve b\u00f6lge b\u00f6lge ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fcn, Amerikal\u0131lardan daha \u00e7ok Obama yanl\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015famay\u0131z. GMF ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 yapanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm hassasiyetlerine ra\u011fmen i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri en b\u00fcy\u00fck yan\u0131lg\u0131, “Avrupal\u0131lar” diye bir m\u00fctecanis kitlenin var oldu\u011funu zannetmeleri. Ya da, bize bunu varm\u0131\u015f gibi takdim etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131. AVRUPALI KAVRAMI<\/strong>Hen\u00fcz Avrupa vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olgusunun olgunla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, \u00fcstelik Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin siyasi b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesini tamamlamas\u0131na uzun y\u0131llar varken, kim oluyor ki bu “Avrupal\u0131lar”? Bir kere “Avrupal\u0131lar” kavram\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir anlam i\u00e7ermedi\u011fini yazmam\u0131z gerekir. Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin aras\u0131nda, b\u00f6lgeden b\u00f6lgeye de\u011fi\u015fen o kadar farkl\u0131 d\u0131\u015f politika \u00f6ncelikleri var ki, bu \u00fclkelerin t\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in tek bir davran\u0131\u015f kal\u0131b\u0131 varm\u0131\u015f gibi davranmak, “Avrupal\u0131lar \u015f\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor” demek bizi yan\u0131lt\u0131r. Bizatihi GMF ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bizim \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze birbirlerinden farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, rengarenk bir Avrupa getiriyor. Zira, “Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n” %77’sinin Obama’y\u0131 destekledi\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da, asl\u0131nda “Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n” Obama’ya ili\u015fkin olarak son derece ciddi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu yine GMF ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n kendisi s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Buna g\u00f6re, Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n %83’\u00fc ABD’nin yeni d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131 tasvip ederken, bu oran Orta ve Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde %60’a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Bat\u0131 Avrupa’da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n %43’\u00fc son bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile ABD aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin olumlu y\u00f6nde geli\u015fti\u011fini s\u00f6ylerken, buna inanan Orta ve Do\u011fu Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n oran\u0131 ise sadece %25. Meseleyi \u00f6rnek vererek daha da a\u00e7arsak, mesela 2008’de Bush’un politikalar\u0131n\u0131 sadece %12 oran\u0131nda destekleyen Almanlar\u0131n %92’si bug\u00fcn Obama’y\u0131 onaylarken; Bush’a %44 destek veren Romenlerin bug\u00fcn %58’i Obama’y\u0131 onayl\u0131yor. Yani, ABD’nin Almanya’daki imaj de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi i\u00e7in 80 puanl\u0131k yukar\u0131 do\u011fru bir s\u0131\u00e7ramadan s\u00f6z ederken, bu art\u0131\u015f Romanya’da 14 puanda kal\u0131yor. Polonya’da ise de\u011fi\u015fim topu topu 11 puan. T\u00fcrkiye’deki e\u011filim de yukar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u00fc \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f. 2008 verilerine g\u00f6re, halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sadece %8’i Bush y\u00f6netiminin uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 olumlu bulmaktayken, bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrklerin %50’si Obama’ya destek veriyor. Yine de, bu oran\u0131n t\u00fcm Avrupa \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oran olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekici. Dahas\u0131, konuyu “Obama” olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p, “ABD” yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, bu \u00fclkenin T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 nezdindeki pop\u00fclerlik oran\u0131 %22’ye geriliyor. Bu oran\u0131n Bat\u0131 Avrupa’da %74, Orta ve Do\u011fu Avrupa’da ise %69 oldu\u011funa bakarsak, T\u00fcrkiye’deki ABD kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n boyutlar\u0131 daha fazla g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serilir. Demek ki, Bush d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrk-Amerikan ili\u015fkilerinde o kadar derin bir tahribat ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ki, “K\u00f6le \u0130saura” etkisi bile halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en az yar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan ABD’ye kar\u015f\u0131 temkinli bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirememi\u015f. G\u00d6R\u00dc\u015e AYRILIKLARI <\/strong>ABD’ye bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu tam olarak alg\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in somut olaylara do\u011fru gittik\u00e7e, “Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n” asl\u0131nda birbirlerinden ne kadar farkl\u0131 noktalarda durduklar\u0131 daha da belirgin olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Mesela, Afganistan’daki durumun iyiye mi, k\u00f6t\u00fcye mi gitti\u011fi; ya da Afganistan’dan asker \u00e7ekilmesinin gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi gibi konularda “Avrupal\u0131lar” hem birbirlerinden hem de ABD’den farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Hele bir de g\u00fcndemden hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fmeyen \u0130ran konusu var ki, neredeyse her kafadan ayr\u0131 bir ses \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ku\u015fkusuz anketler ve saha ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n her zaman kesin sonu\u00e7 verdi\u011fini ve birebir ger\u00e7ekleri yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Ama GMF’in ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 sanki akla \u00e7ok yatk\u0131n geliyor. Yine de unutmayal\u0131m: Anketler bazen ger\u00e7e\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak, bazen de kanaatlerimizi etkilemek, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r. GMF \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 da bu kay\u0131tla ele alal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack H\u00fcseyin Obama se\u00e7ildi\u011fi ilk g\u00fcnlerde sahip oldu\u011fu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc y\u00fcksek pop\u00fclaritesini bir nebze olsun kaybetse de, halen yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm icraatla ve s\u00f6yledi\u011fi her s\u00f6zle ilgileri \u00fczerine \u00e7ekmeyi ba\u015far\u0131yor. Bundan daha tabii bir \u015fey olabilir mi? D\u00fcnyan\u0131n tek hiper g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn lideri olarak sadece kendi \u00fclkesine de\u011fil, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n genel gidi\u015fat\u0131na da b\u00fcy\u00fck etki ediyor Obama’n\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13863,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=909"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}