{"id":867,"date":"2009-06-09T10:09:33","date_gmt":"2009-06-09T07:09:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=867"},"modified":"2024-03-08T10:18:35","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T07:18:35","slug":"obama-doktrininin-ayak-sesleri-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=867","title":{"rendered":"Obama Doktrini’nin ayak sesleri (09.06.2009) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack H\u00fcseyin Obama’n\u0131n Kahire’de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve haber ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funun “\u0130slam D\u00fcnyas\u0131na Sesleni\u015f” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla verdi\u011fi konu\u015fmas\u0131 t\u0131pk\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ziyareti esnas\u0131nda TBMM’de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fma gibi, Orta Do\u011fu ba\u015fkentlerinde geni\u015f yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rd\u0131. Obama’n\u0131n Ankara ve Kahire konu\u015fmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 temel benzerlik vard\u0131: Birinci benzerlik, ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n verece\u011fi mesajlar\u0131 dikkatle dinleyen t\u00fcm kesimlere “g\u00f6n\u00fcl al\u0131c\u0131” ifadelerle yakla\u015fmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bir Arap ba\u015fkentinden, \u00fcstelik y\u0131llarca Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n liderli\u011fi iddias\u0131nda bulunan M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n ba\u015fkentinden d\u00fcnyaya seslenirken Arap\u00e7a selam vermeyi ihmal etmeyen Obama, Araplar\u0131n en hassas oldu\u011fu Filistin meselesinde bir jest yaparak, \u0130srail’in yan\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Filistin Devleti’nin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 desteklediklerini s\u00f6yledi. Obama’n\u0131n, Orta Do\u011fu’ya demokrasiyi d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan dayatmayacaklar\u0131 \u015feklindeki s\u00f6zleri de, Bush d\u00f6neminin eseri olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Orta Do\u011fu Projesi’ni ku\u015fkuyla kar\u015f\u0131layan Arap y\u00f6netimlerinin teredd\u00fctlerini bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde giderme \u00e7abas\u0131yd\u0131. Ku\u015fkusuz, bu “g\u00f6n\u00fcl alma” seans\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 anlar\u0131, Ba\u015fkan’\u0131n Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’den ayetler okudu\u011fu, \u0130slam medeniyetinin y\u00fcceli\u011finden bahsetti\u011fi ve Ankara’da oldu\u011fu gibi bir kez daha Amerika’n\u0131n \u0130slam’la sava\u015f halinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 c\u00fcmleleri okudu\u011fu anlard\u0131. \u0130Y\u0130MSERLER VE K\u00d6T\u00dcMSERLER<\/strong> \u0130kinci benzerlik, Ankara’da oldu\u011fu gibi Kahire’de de Obama’n\u0131n \u0130ran’a \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 mesajlar g\u00f6ndermesiydi. \u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki so\u011fuklu\u011fun giderilmesi i\u00e7in kendi y\u00f6netiminin olabildi\u011fince yap\u0131c\u0131 davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ima eden Obama, \u0130ran Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Musadd\u0131k’\u0131n 1953’te d\u00fczenlenen bir darbeyle devrilmesinde Amerikan Merkez\u00ee Haberalma Te\u015fkilat\u0131’n\u0131n (CIA) parma\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu itiraf ederek, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0130ran’dan ge\u00e7mi\u015fe d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak \u00f6z\u00fcr diledi. Musadd\u0131k’\u0131n devrilmesini CIA’nin planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00f6nce Clinton d\u00f6neminde D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan Madeleine Albright da itiraf etmi\u015fti ama bir cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n bunu kabullenmesi ku\u015fkusuz ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan bir hadiseydi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc benzerlik ise, Ankara konu\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrkiye’de oldu\u011fu gibi, Kahire konu\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra da, bu konu\u015fma hakk\u0131nda yorum yapan Arap entelekt\u00fcellerinin, siyaset\u00e7ilerinin ve k\u00f6\u015fe yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n “iyimser” ve “\u015f\u00fcpheci” olarak iki ayr\u0131 blokta toplanmalar\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130yimserlere g\u00f6re, Obama ger\u00e7ekten ABD’yi ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Elbette bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne engel \u00e7\u0131karanlar olacakt\u0131. Ama Obama’n\u0131n \u00e7abalar\u0131na destek verildi\u011fi takdirde daha bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeninin tesis edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilirdi. \u015e\u00fcpheciler ise Obama’n\u0131n ne kadar samimi olursa olsun, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremeyece\u011fini, zira ABD’yi h\u00e2l\u00e2 bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc istemeyen bask\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131kar gruplar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netti\u011fini iddia etmekteydiler. \u0130ster iyimser, isterse \u015f\u00fcpheci kanada mensup olsunlar, Obama’n\u0131n konu\u015fmas\u0131yla ilgili yorum yapanlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde ittifak ettikleri husus ise, Ba\u015fkan’\u0131n Orta Do\u011fu’ya ve genel olarak \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na ili\u015fkin s\u00f6ylemlerinin bir an \u00f6nce mutlaka somut eylemlerle desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fiydi. E\u011fer ABD ger\u00e7ekten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Filistin devletinin kurulmas\u0131ndan yanaysa, bunun i\u00e7in \u0130srail’i bu konuda ikna edecek etkili bir projeyi vakit ge\u00e7irmeden hayata ge\u00e7irmeliydi. Obama’n\u0131n aylard\u0131r beklenen Kahire konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yank\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bilhassa Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bir s\u00fcre daha devam edece\u011fini tahmin edebiliriz. Demokrasiyle aras\u0131 iyi olmayan baz\u0131 Arap y\u00f6netimleri bu konu\u015fman\u0131n “demokrasinin d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan dayat\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcndemde tutarlarken, Orta Do\u011fu’da sosyal bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden ve refah\u0131n geni\u015f kitlelerce payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan yana olanlarsa, insan haklar\u0131, e\u011fitim ve ekonominin geli\u015ftirilmesi hususlar\u0131na at\u0131f yapmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcreceklerdir. Bu noktada akla gelen bir soru, Obama’n\u0131n Ankara ve Kahire konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 beraberce de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fimizde, Obama’n\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalar\u0131 bundan sonra kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lacak bir doktrinin haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olarak nitelendirmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. ABD ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 kendi g\u00f6rev d\u00f6nemlerinde doktrin ad\u0131 verilen ve mevcut sorunlara ili\u015fkin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini ifade ettikleri politika belgelerini tarih boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli defalar ilan etmi\u015flerdir. 1823’te ilan edilen Monroe doktrininden 2002’deki Bush doktrinine kadar olu\u015fturulan bu t\u00fcrden politik belgelerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ABD Kongresine mesaj, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Strateji Belgesi olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Yani, ABD Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 kapa\u011f\u0131nda “doktrin” yazan raporlar ilan etmezler ama sorunlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda net tutum belirledikleri ve altlar\u0131nda imzalar\u0131 olan herhangi bir belge, ilan\u0131n\u0131 takiben “doktrin” olarak nitelendirilebilir. ABD Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcne kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe soktuklar\u0131 doktrinlerin iki temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r: \u00d6ncelikle, t\u00fcm ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n doktrinleri, hangi konuyla ilgililerse, o konuya dair ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir durum tespitini ortaya koyar. Bunu yaparken, tarihsel arka plandan, mevcut hukuki altyap\u0131ya kadar pek \u00e7ok unsuru insicam i\u00e7inde takdim eder. \u0130kinci olarak, t\u00fcm doktrinlerde bir h\u00fck\u00fcm b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc vard\u0131r. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131, hangi durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, nas\u0131l davranaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 apa\u00e7\u0131k ve \u015f\u00fcpheye imkan b\u0131rakmayacak bi\u00e7imde uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyuyla payla\u015f\u0131r. Mesela, 1957’de ilan edilen Eisenhower doktrinine g\u00f6re, “do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 olarak kom\u00fcnizm tehdidi alt\u0131nda bulunan Orta Do\u011fu y\u00f6netimleri, ABD’den yard\u0131m istedikleri takdirde, kendilerine siyasi, ekonomik ve asker\u00ee yard\u0131m yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.” Bir ba\u015fka misal 1980’deki Carter Doktrini’dir. Buna g\u00f6re, “Basra K\u00f6rfezi ABD i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. ABD bu b\u00f6lgeden petrol ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tehdit alt\u0131na girmesine asla izin vermeyecektir.” Obama’n\u0131n Ankara ve Kahire konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda, daha \u00f6nceki Amerikan doktrinlerinin birinci ortak noktas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmekteyiz. \u0130SLAM \u00c2LEM\u0130 \u0130LE BARI\u015e<\/strong> Yani, ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131, Orta Do\u011fu’yu nas\u0131l g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla, daha \u00f6nceki ABD y\u00f6netimlerinden ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, “\u0130slam \u00e2lemi ile Amerika’n\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayabilece\u011fini” ve daha bir\u00e7ok hususu, ABD perspektifinden Orta Do\u011fu’ya y\u00f6nelik durum tespitleri olarak s\u0131ralamaktad\u0131r. Fakat, Obama’n\u0131n her iki konu\u015fmas\u0131nda da h\u00fck\u00fcm c\u00fcmleleri yoktur. ABD’nin, neyi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, nas\u0131l davranaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya konulmamaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de, daha \u00f6nceki doktrinlerin ikinci ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi Obama’n\u0131n bug\u00fcne kadarki ifadelerinde eksik kalmaktad\u0131r. Daha se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak Orta Do\u011fu ve genel olarak \u0130slam \u00e2lemine ili\u015fkin s\u0131cak mesajlar veren ve Ba\u015fkan Bush’tan farkl\u0131 olarak “asker\u00ee g\u00fcce” de\u011fil “ak\u0131ll\u0131 g\u00fcce” vurgu yapan Ba\u015fkan Obama’n\u0131n, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde, bug\u00fcne kadar dile getirdi\u011fi konular\u0131 bir doktrin bi\u00e7imine sokarak d\u00fcnyaya ilan etmesi beklenebilir. Unutmayal\u0131m ki, ancak a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmler ta\u015f\u0131yan, dile getirilen temennilerin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011finin de ortaya konuldu\u011fu projeler ger\u00e7ek anlamda destek bulabilir. Aksi takdirde, Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bug\u00fcn var olan “\u015f\u00fcphecilerin” say\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi bir art\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve “Obama da di\u011ferleri gibiymi\u015f” s\u00f6zlerinin taraftar toplamas\u0131 hi\u00e7 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack H\u00fcseyin Obama’n\u0131n Kahire’de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve haber ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funun “\u0130slam D\u00fcnyas\u0131na Sesleni\u015f” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla verdi\u011fi konu\u015fmas\u0131 t\u0131pk\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ziyareti esnas\u0131nda TBMM’de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fma gibi, Orta Do\u011fu ba\u015fkentlerinde geni\u015f yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rd\u0131. Obama’n\u0131n Ankara ve Kahire konu\u015fmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 temel benzerlik vard\u0131: Birinci benzerlik, ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n verece\u011fi mesajlar\u0131 dikkatle dinleyen t\u00fcm kesimlere “g\u00f6n\u00fcl al\u0131c\u0131” ifadelerle yakla\u015fmas\u0131yd\u0131. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13894,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-867","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/867","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=867"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/867\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=867"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=867"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=867"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}