{"id":766,"date":"2008-10-18T09:06:50","date_gmt":"2008-10-18T06:06:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=766"},"modified":"2024-03-08T11:02:22","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T08:02:22","slug":"irakin-toprak-butunlugu-nasil-korunur-18-10-2008-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=766","title":{"rendered":"Irak’\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nas\u0131l korunur? (18.10.2008) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelenin daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fi konusunda tart\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrerken, ister istemez \u00fczerinde en \u00e7ok durulmas\u0131 gereken konulardan biri de Irak’\u0131n gelece\u011fi. Zira 2003’teki ABD sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan ve Saddam H\u00fcseyin’in devrilmesinden sonra tam anlam\u0131yla bir otorite bo\u015flu\u011funun olu\u015ftu\u011fu Irak’\u0131n kuzeyi b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ana \u00fcss\u00fc haline gelmi\u015f durumda. \u00dcstelik T\u00fcrkiye’nin t\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Irak’\u0131n tamam\u0131nda etkili olabilen bir merkez\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmetin bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc olu\u015fturulamamas\u0131, dahas\u0131 Irak’\u0131n kuzeyindeki b\u00f6lgesel y\u00f6netimin ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcyle m\u00fccadele konusunda son derece isteksiz davranmas\u0131 gibi hususlar sebebiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fct h\u00e2l\u00e2 bu b\u00f6lgedeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmekte. Bunlara ek olarak, Irak’\u0131n kuzeyindeki b\u00f6lgesel y\u00f6neticilerin \u00fclkenin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek beyan ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, ileride b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinin ve \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131tacak \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlikenin, Irak’\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinin erken habercisi durumunda. B\u00f6yle bir ortamda T\u00fcrkiye’nin bug\u00fcne kadar oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha aktif bir \u015fekilde Irak’\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruyacak \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 d\u00fczenlemelere \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmesi gerekiyor. Peki T\u00fcrkiye ne yapabilir? EYLEM PLANI \u015eART <\/strong>Ankara yak\u0131n vadede etki do\u011furucu bir eylem plan\u0131n\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irmek mecburiyetindedir. Bu eylem plan\u0131; ABD, Irak’a kom\u015fu \u00fclkeler, Irak Y\u00f6netimi ve B\u00f6lgesel Y\u00f6netim olmak \u00fczere d\u00f6rt ana unsuru, bir “omurga” etraf\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fine sokacak \u015fekilde olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ve etki dereceleri farkl\u0131 olsa da, bu d\u00f6rt unsurdan birinin bile, Irak’\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in i\u015f birli\u011fi konusunda “g\u00f6n\u00fcls\u00fcz” davranmas\u0131, b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Irak’\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik ve istikrar\u0131n temini i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli katk\u0131 yapabilecek bu “omurga”n\u0131n, Sadabad Pakt\u0131 benzeri bir b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmas\u0131 temel \u00f6nerimizdir. 1937’de Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn giri\u015fimiyle kurulan Sadabad Pakt\u0131’n\u0131n temel amac\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve istikrar\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde temin etmekten ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildi. Nitekim Pakt’\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer verilen \u00f6nemli maddelerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu ama\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: “Madde-1: Ba\u011f\u0131tl\u0131 taraflar birbirlerinin i\u00e7i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmaktan kesinlikle ka\u00e7\u0131nacaklard\u0131r. Madde-3: Ba\u011f\u0131tl\u0131 taraflar ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren uluslararas\u0131 nitelikteki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda, birbirleriyle isti\u015farelerde bulunacaklard\u0131r. Madde-4: Ba\u011f\u0131tl\u0131 taraflar birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 hi\u00e7bir eylemde bulunmamay\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcmlenirler. Madde- 7: Ba\u011f\u0131tl\u0131 taraflardan her biri, kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde di\u011fer ba\u011f\u0131tl\u0131 taraflar\u0131n kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kmak, d\u00fczen ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sarsmak veya politik rejimini bozmak amac\u0131yla silahl\u0131 \u00e7eteler, birlikler veya \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve eyleme ge\u00e7melerini engellemeyi y\u00fck\u00fcmlenir.” \u00d6zelikle bu sonuncu madde, zaten birbirlerinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na, egemenliklerine, toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermeyi taahh\u00fct etmi\u015f olan \u00fclkelerin, i\u00e7lerinden birini hedef alan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131\/b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fct faaliyetlerini de engellemeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden son derece \u00f6nemliydi. Burada a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ad\u0131 konulmasa bile, T\u00fcrkiye-Irak-\u0130ran i\u00e7in giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir tehdide d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc unsurlar\u0131n hareketlerinin \u00f6nlenmesi hedeflenmi\u015fti. Maalesef Sadabad Pakt\u0131, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 70 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131na ve \u0130ran \u0130slam Devrimi’nden sonra yeni \u0130ran y\u00f6netiminin Pakt\u0131 feshetti\u011fini ima etmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hukuki bir fesih i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finden Pakt’\u0131n de jure varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirdi\u011fini ifade etmek \u00e7ok yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, ge\u00e7en uzun zaman zarf\u0131nda b\u00f6lgede, \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin i\u00e7 siyasetlerinde meydana gelmi\u015f olan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ve b\u00f6lge d\u0131\u015f\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin b\u00f6lgedeki mevcudiyetleri gibi fakt\u00f6rler Sadabad Pakt\u0131’n\u0131n ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde diriltilmesini tabii ki m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Ama \u015fartlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 Sadabad Pakt\u0131’ndan al\u0131nacak ilhamla benzer bir mekanizman\u0131n tekrar var edilebilmesine engel te\u015fkil edemez. TER\u00d6RE KAR\u015eI \u0130\u015e B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 <\/strong>Irak’a kom\u015fu \u00fclkelerin, ABD’nin de y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle 2003’teki Irak i\u015fgalinden bu yana d\u00fczenledikleri periyodik toplant\u0131lardaki ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00fcndem maddelerinden biri Irak’\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131 ise, bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli g\u00fcndem konusu da Irak’ta \u00fcslenmi\u015f ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin gerek Irak’a gerekse Irak’a kom\u015fu \u00fclkelere d\u00f6n\u00fck sald\u0131rganl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesidir. Her iki konu da, ancak \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir i\u015f birli\u011fi mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131yla sorun olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir. T\u00fcrkiye’nin ba\u015flataca\u011f\u0131 bir diplomatik taarruz \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, Atat\u00fcrk d\u00f6neminde olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iyi niyet ve iyi kom\u015fuluk ili\u015fkilerine dayal\u0131 Sadabad Pakt\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, yeni \u00fcyelerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla yeniden kurulmas\u0131, Irak’\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve b\u00f6lgesel ter\u00f6r faaliyetlerinin minimize edilmesinin \u00f6ncelikli yoludur. SADABAD PAKTI <\/strong>\u0130ran, Irak, Afganistan ve T\u00fcrkiye’nin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sadabad Pakt\u0131 8 Temmuz 1937’de imzalanm\u0131\u015f, 25 Haziran 1938’de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Pakt, ad\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine bir asker\u00ee ittifak de\u011fil, bir sald\u0131rmazl\u0131k ve dostluk antla\u015fmas\u0131yd\u0131. An\u0131lan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda bu pakt\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131n iki temel nedeni bulunmaktayd\u0131; s\u0131n\u0131r sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi ve \u00fclkelerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve egemenliklerini vurgulama iste\u011fi. Ancak II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 Pakt\u0131n i\u015flevselli\u011fini yitirmesine neden olmu\u015ftur. Sadabad Pakt\u0131 1979’da \u0130ran’daki yeni rejim Pakt\u0131 feshetti\u011fini ima edene kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hukuken koruyacakt\u0131r.BA\u011eDAT PAKTI <\/strong>Ba\u011fdat Pakt\u0131 24 \u015eubat 1955’te T\u00fcrkiye ve Irak’\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 imzalamas\u0131yla olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. Pakta 4 Nisanda \u0130ngiltere, 23 Eyl\u00fcl 1955’te Pakistan, 3 Kas\u0131mda da \u0130ran kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda kurulmas\u0131nda etkin bir rol oynayan ABD, Pakta destek vermi\u015f fakat kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pakta \u0130ngiltere’nin kat\u0131lmas\u0131 Arap \u00fclkelerinin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilemi\u015ftir. Irak, 14 Temmuz 1958 darbesinden sonra Paktan \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve 18 A\u011fustos 1959’da ad\u0131 Merkez\u00ee Antla\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc-CENTO olmu\u015ftur. Ba\u011fdat Pakt\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 \u015feklinde olan CENTO, 13 Mart 1979’da \u0130ran ve Pakistan’\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctten ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131yla fiilen sona ermi\u015ftir. IRAK – TIKLAYIN<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelenin daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fi konusunda tart\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrerken, ister istemez \u00fczerinde en \u00e7ok durulmas\u0131 gereken konulardan biri de Irak’\u0131n gelece\u011fi. Zira 2003’teki ABD sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan ve Saddam H\u00fcseyin’in devrilmesinden sonra tam anlam\u0131yla bir otorite bo\u015flu\u011funun olu\u015ftu\u011fu Irak’\u0131n kuzeyi b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ana \u00fcss\u00fc haline gelmi\u015f durumda. \u00dcstelik T\u00fcrkiye’nin t\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Irak’\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13964,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=766"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/766\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}