Haziran ay\u0131nda Madrid\u2019de yap\u0131lacak NATO zirvesi yakla\u015f\u0131rken Bat\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015fkentlerde dola\u015f\u0131ma sokulan bir soru var: \u201cNATO yenilenecek mi?\u201d<\/p>\n
K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce aralar\u0131nda iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle ve salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele gibi, bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn klasik sorumluluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olmayan epey \u201cnaif\u201d 2030 hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131klayan \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n, \u201cpostmodern \u00e7e\u015fitlemeleri\u201d bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131p asl\u0131na r\u00fccu etmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131yor. Hatta bu \u201cumur-\u0131 asliyeye irca\u201dy\u0131, 73 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki NATO\u2019nun -varl\u0131k sebebini yeniden merkeze oturtarak- ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya yeniden in\u015fa ve ihya edilmesi \u015feklinde yorumlayanlar da var.<\/p>\n
Varl\u0131k sebebi (raison d\u2019etre) neydi NATO\u2019nun? Ve bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 mevcut mu?<\/p>\n
ABD d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 Kuzey Atlantik \u0130ttifak\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 temel gerek\u00e7e etraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klarlar.<\/p>\n
Birincisi, Washington\u2019un Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 SSCB\u2019den \u201ckoruma refleksidir\u201d. Bunu savunanlara g\u00f6re, ABD ve SSCB aras\u0131nda \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda tesis edilen ortakl\u0131k sava\u015ftan hemen sonra bozulunca, ba\u015fta George Kennan olmak \u00fczere Amerikal\u0131 uzmanlar, SSCB\u2019nin yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k pe\u015finde ko\u015ftu\u011funu ve Stalin\u2019i durdurman\u0131n tek yolunun \u201c\u00e7evreleme\u201d oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015flard\u0131. Ba\u015fkan Truman da bu gerek\u00e7eyi kabul etmi\u015f ve NATO\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131 talimat\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\u0130kinci gerek\u00e7e, ABD\u2019nin Avrupa\u2019daki dostlar\u0131n\u0131 Almanya\u2019dan \u201ckoruma refleksidir\u201d. Buna g\u00f6re, Mart 1948\u2019de Almanya\u2019n\u0131n bir g\u00fcn tekrar aya\u011fa kalkarak kendilerine sald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek maksad\u0131yla be\u015f Avrupa \u00fclkesinin (Fransa, \u0130ngiltere, Bel\u00e7ika, Hollanda, L\u00fcksemburg) kurduklar\u0131 Br\u00fcksel Pakt\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fini fark eden ABD, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u201cAvrupa hisar\u0131\u201d in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in NATO\u2019yu kurdurmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ise \u201ckoruma refleksi\u201d de\u011fil, \u201ckorurken kontrol etme hedefidir\u201d. Sava\u015ftan galip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir ekonomik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ya\u015fayan hatta \u201c\u00fczerinde g\u00fcne\u015f batmayan imparatorlu\u011funu\u201d kaybetmeye ba\u015flayan \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin kapitalizmin k\u00fcresel liderli\u011fi taht\u0131ndan inmesi ABD\u2019yi harekete ge\u00e7irmi\u015fti. Nitekim NATO, ABD\u2019nin 1947-1955 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kurdu\u011fu ya da kurdurdu\u011fu k\u00fcresel ittifak zincirindeki halkalardan sadece biriydi.<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn her biri NATO\u2019nun varl\u0131k sebebi i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ge\u00e7erliydi. \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n ilk genel sekreteri \u0130ngiliz Lord \u0130smay\u2019e, \u201cNATO neden kuruldu?\u201d diye soruldu\u011funda efrad\u0131n\u0131 cami, ayar\u0131n\u0131 mani \u015fu k\u0131sa cevab\u0131 vermi\u015fti:<\/p>\n
\u201cNATO Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7eride, Ruslar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131da, Almanlar\u0131 da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tutmak i\u00e7in kuruldu.\u201d<\/p>\n
Peki bug\u00fcn NATO ne i\u015fe yar\u0131yor ve yar\u0131n ne i\u015fe yarayacak? \u0130\u015fte \u201cNATO yenilecek mi?\u201d diye soranlar bunlara da cevap ar\u0131yorlar. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131ndaki \u015fartlar yok. Hatta d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ideolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan ikiye b\u00f6len So\u011fuk Sava\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131 da mevcut de\u011fil. Ho\u015f, Bat\u0131 merkezli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015flar\u0131 illa iki kutuplu d\u00fczeni yeniden tesis edebilmek i\u00e7in \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcr halklar\u201d-\u201cotokratik rejimler\u201d sun\u2019i ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle pompalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar ama maddi temelleri olmayan bu gayretler hen\u00fcz elle tutulur neticeler vermiyor. Bug\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131ca akt\u00f6rleri ABD, AB, Rusya, \u00c7in ve Hindistan olan \u00e7ok boyutlu ve \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 k\u00fcresel \u00e7\u0131kar payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 m\u00fccadelesi var. S\u00f6z konusu m\u00fccadelenin, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019a benzeyen yanlar\u0131 yok de\u011fil. Mesela, temel akt\u00f6rler n\u00fckleer silahlara sahip ve birbirleriyle s\u0131cak bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girmek yerine vekalet sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi tercih ediyorlar. Bu vekalet sava\u015flar\u0131ndan biri de Ukrayna\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Anla\u015f\u0131lan o ki, ABD Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar uzamas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7aba sarf ediyor. Bu sayede Washington, sadece Avrupa\u2019da de\u011fil, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerinde y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f olan liderli\u011fini sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefliyor. Enerji, emtia ve g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f genel hatlar\u0131yla \u015fimdilik ABD\u2019nin i\u015fine yar\u0131yor. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n so\u011fuk nefesini enselerinde hisseden \u00fclkelerin silahlanmaya giri\u015fmeleri de ABD askeri-end\u00fcstriyel kompleksini memnun ediyor.<\/p>\n
Amerikan devlet akl\u0131, k\u00fcresel h\u00e2kimiyet m\u00fccadelesinde \u00c7in\u2019in gerisine d\u00fc\u015fmemenin yolunun bu \u00fclkeyi yava\u015flatmak oldu\u011funu biliyor. Rusya vesilesiyle yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lacak olan Bat\u0131 odakl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik mimarisinin ileride \u00c7in\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 da kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 arzulan\u0131yor. Bunun y\u00f6ntemi de, ABD\u2019nin liderli\u011findeki tek i\u015fe yarar uluslararas\u0131 asker\u00ee te\u015fkilat olan NATO\u2019nun k\u00fcresel bir yap\u0131lanmaya gitmesi. Elbette bunun olabilmesi i\u00e7in NATO\u2019nun di\u011fer \u00fcyelerinin de olumlu yakla\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7inde olmalar\u0131 gerekli.<\/p>\n
ABD, NATO\u2019yu zedelemeden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir mi? Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore, Avustralya gibi devletler \u201cYeni NATO\u2019nun yeni \u00fcyeleri olur mu? Bu yeni olu\u015fumun ad\u0131 NATO olarak kal\u0131r m\u0131? Zamanla g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer taraftan, ABD\u2019nin b\u00f6yle bir gayret i\u00e7ine girmesi durumunda Rusya ve \u00c7in\u2019in de kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda benzeri olu\u015fumlara \u00f6nayak olabilece\u011fini ak\u0131ldan \u00e7\u0131karmamal\u0131y\u0131z…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Haziran ay\u0131nda Madrid\u2019de yap\u0131lacak NATO zirvesi yakla\u015f\u0131rken Bat\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015fkentlerde dola\u015f\u0131ma sokulan bir soru var: \u201cNATO yenilenecek mi?\u201d K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce aralar\u0131nda iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle ve salg\u0131n hastal\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele gibi, bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn klasik sorumluluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olmayan epey \u201cnaif\u201d 2030 hedeflerini a\u00e7\u0131klayan \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n, \u201cpostmodern \u00e7e\u015fitlemeleri\u201d bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131p asl\u0131na r\u00fccu etmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131yor. Hatta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[37],"class_list":["post-6058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-37"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6058"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6058\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}