<\/p>\n
Kazakistan\u2019da ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131n mahiyetinin ne oldu\u011fu ve arkas\u0131nda kim veya kimlerin oldu\u011fundan daha m\u00fchim h\u00e2le gelen soru, Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Tokayev\u2019in daveti \u00fczerine bu \u00fclkeye giren Kolektif G\u00fcvenlik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcne (KGA\u00d6) ba\u011fl\u0131 \u201cBar\u0131\u015f G\u00fcc\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn \u00fclkeyi ne zaman terk edece\u011fidir. Her ne kadar KGA\u00d6 etiketi ta\u015f\u0131sa da, Kazakistan\u2019a giren asl\u0131nda Rus askerleridir. \u0130ttifak \u00fcyesi olan di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin Kazakistan\u2019a polis, asker ya da sivil g\u00f6revli yollamas\u0131, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 birlikler kadar \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn \u00fclkeye yabanc\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri intikal etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fken tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n zaman\u0131 olmayabilir ama Rusya ve KGA\u00d6 i\u00e7indeki m\u00fcttefiklerinin Kazakistan\u2019a bu \u015fekilde girmelerinin hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 birilerinin sorgulamas\u0131 gerekir. \u201cABD \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde NATO, 1999\u2019da Yugoslavya\u2019y\u0131 bombalarken hukuki bir dayana\u011f\u0131 var m\u0131yd\u0131?\u201d diye sormay\u0131n. ABD \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki koalisyon g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin Irak\u2019a, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan\u2019a ve K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019a, NATO\u2019nun Libya\u2019ya m\u00fcdahalelerde bulunurken uluslararas\u0131 hukuku nas\u0131l ihlal ettikleri daha \u00f6nce \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. O y\u00fczden kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yapmadan, sadece bu \u00f6zel olaya odaklanal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Rusya ve m\u00fcttefiklerinin Kazakistan\u2019a birlik g\u00f6ndermesine hukuki dayanak olarak g\u00f6sterilen h\u00fck\u00fcm Kolektif G\u00fcvenlik Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 4. maddesidir. KGA\u00d6 \u00fcyeleri bu maddeye at\u0131f yaparak m\u00fcdahale karar\u0131 al\u0131yorlar. S\u00f6z konusu madde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n
\u201cTaraf devletlerden biri, herhangi bir devlet veya devletler grubu taraf\u0131ndan sald\u0131r\u0131ya maruz kal\u0131rsa, bu durum, i\u015fbu antla\u015fman\u0131n t\u00fcm taraf devletlerine kar\u015f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 olarak kabul edilecektir. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 devletlerden herhangi birine kar\u015f\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131 eylemi olmas\u0131 durumunda, di\u011fer t\u00fcm kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 devletler ona asker\u00ee de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere gerekli yard\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve ayr\u0131ca BM \u015eart\u0131’n\u0131n 51. Maddesine uygun \u015fekilde m\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fcdafaa hakk\u0131n\u0131 da kullanarak ona yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacaklard\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
Kolektif G\u00fcvenlik \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n can al\u0131c\u0131 maddesi olan 4. Madde, NATO Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 5. Maddesiyle b\u00fcy\u00fck benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir. Her iki maddenin ortak taraf\u0131, BM \u015eart\u0131\u2019nda yer alan ve \u201cm\u00fc\u015fterek me\u015fru m\u00fcdafaa\u201d hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen \u00fcnl\u00fc 51. Maddeye at\u0131f yapmakta olu\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r. O h\u00e2lde, daha \u00f6nce bir\u00e7ok olayda tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir hususu, Kazakistan ba\u011flam\u0131nda bir kez daha tart\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z gerekir. O da Kazakistan\u2019da ya\u015fananlar\u0131n 51. Maddede bahsedilen \u201csald\u0131r\u0131\u201d durumu olarak m\u00fctalaa edilip edilemeyece\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001\u2019deki ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde NATO Konseyi acilen toplanm\u0131\u015f ve tarihinde ilk defa olarak NATO Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 5. Maddesini i\u015fletme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcm NATO m\u00fcttefikleri \u201csald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan ABD ile tam dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde\u201d olduklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015flar ve akabinde NATO \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler ABD\u2019nin Afganistan harek\u00e2t\u0131na destek vermi\u015flerdi. Yani NATO \u00fcyeleri, ter\u00f6ristlerin ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 sivil u\u00e7aklar\u0131 kullanarak yapt\u0131klar\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n, 51. Maddede tarif edilen \u201csilahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131nda oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmetmi\u015flerdi. Bu karar \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. KGA\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn Kazakistan\u2019a giri\u015f bi\u00e7imi de en az o karar kadar tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmay\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n
Sokaklarda h\u00fck\u00fbmeti protesto \u015feklinde ba\u015flayan ve kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namay\u0131nca Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Tokayev taraf\u0131ndan \u201cba\u015fka \u00fclkelerde e\u011fitilmi\u015f ter\u00f6ristlerin eylemleri\u201d olarak nitelendirilen \u015fiddet dalgas\u0131, Kolektif G\u00fcvenlik Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 4. Maddesindeki \u201cbir devlet ya da devletler grubu taraf\u0131ndan\u201d yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 \u015feklinde yorumlanabilir mi? \u015eayet yorumlan\u0131yorsa, bu devletin ya da devletlerin ad\u0131 nedir? Ne Rusya ne de Kazakistan -varsa- b\u00f6yle bir \u201csald\u0131rgan devleti\u201d isimlendirmeye \u015fimdilik yana\u015fm\u0131yor. Ortada d\u00fc\u015fman bir devlet taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 da yok zaten. Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Tokayev, t\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen olaylar\u0131 bast\u0131ramay\u0131nca \u00e7areyi KGA\u00d6\u2019y\u00fc yard\u0131ma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmakta buldu.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylece 11 Eyl\u00fcl ter\u00f6r eylemlerinden 21 y\u0131l sonra \u201cdevlet kaynakl\u0131 silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131yla\u201d uzaktan-yak\u0131ndan alakas\u0131 olmayan bir hadise daha, m\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fcdafaa i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 hukuktaki tabiriyle casus foederis<\/em> (bir anla\u015fmay\u0131 uygulanabilir ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 h\u00e2le getiren \u015fart) \u015feklinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. 1994\u2019te kurulan KGA\u00d6 evvelce 2010\u2019da K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019\u0131n ve 2020\u2019de Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m taleplerini geri \u00e7evirmi\u015fti. Kendi tarihinde ilk kez b\u00f6yle bir m\u00fcdahaleye giri\u015fen KGA\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn, Tokayev\u2019in \u201cyabanc\u0131 devletlerce e\u011fitilmi\u015f silahl\u0131 sald\u0131rgan \u00e7eteler\u201d iddias\u0131n\u0131 ikna edici bulmas\u0131ndan ziyade, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Kazakistan\u2019a geri d\u00f6nme konusundaki iste\u011finin etkili oldu\u011funu kabul etmeliyiz.<\/p>\n Kazakistan\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011finin ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn idamesi Orta Asya T\u00fcrk cumhuriyetleri i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Acaba T\u00fcrk Devletleri Te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n bir \u201cortak emniyet ve asayi\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc\u201d tesis edilmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, Kazakistan KGA\u00d6\u2019den mi yoksa T\u00fcrk Devletleri Te\u015fkilat\u0131ndan m\u0131 yard\u0131m isterdi? \u015e\u00fcphesiz T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131 baz\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atmak i\u00e7in daha seri hareket etmelidir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kazakistan\u2019da ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131n mahiyetinin ne oldu\u011fu ve arkas\u0131nda kim veya kimlerin oldu\u011fundan daha m\u00fchim h\u00e2le gelen soru, Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Tokayev\u2019in daveti \u00fczerine bu \u00fclkeye giren Kolektif G\u00fcvenlik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcne (KGA\u00d6) ba\u011fl\u0131 \u201cBar\u0131\u015f G\u00fcc\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn \u00fclkeyi ne zaman terk edece\u011fidir. Her ne kadar KGA\u00d6 etiketi ta\u015f\u0131sa da, Kazakistan\u2019a giren asl\u0131nda Rus askerleridir. \u0130ttifak \u00fcyesi olan di\u011fer […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12026,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[37],"class_list":["post-5812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-37"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5812"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5812\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}