{"id":5436,"date":"2021-08-22T08:58:01","date_gmt":"2021-08-22T05:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=5436"},"modified":"2024-03-06T23:00:43","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T20:00:43","slug":"afganistana-neden-gitmistik-turkiye-gazetesi22-08-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=5436","title":{"rendered":"Afganistan\u2019a neden gitmi\u015ftik?-T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi(22.08.2021)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>ABD Afganistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etti\u011finde y\u00f6netimde Taliban vard\u0131. Amerikan asker\u00ee m\u00fcdahalesiyle Taliban iktidar\u0131 kaybetti, da\u011fl\u0131k alanlara \u00e7ekildi veya kom\u015fu \u00fclkelere ka\u00e7t\u0131. Bug\u00fcn Taliban \u00fclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131na ald\u0131, ba\u015fkent K\u00e2bil\u2019e girdi. ABD\u2019nin \u201cdevlet in\u015fas\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda 20 y\u0131l boyunca yerel ortaklar\u0131yla birlikte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm projeler \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. Afgan ordusu tek kur\u015fun dahi atmadan elindeki yerleri Taliban\u2019a teslim etti. Y\u00fcz binlerce insan ba\u015flar\u0131na bir \u015fey gelebilir korkusuyla Afganistan\u2019dan ka\u00e7maya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/div>\n<div>Bu tablonun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebini ABD\u2019ye y\u00fcklemekten daha kolay ne var? Dikkat ediyorum da 20 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ABD\u2019nin Afganistan\u2019a giri\u015fini ele\u015ftiren, o zamanki Bush y\u00f6netimini yerden yere vuran bir k\u0131s\u0131m zevat bug\u00fcnlerde de ABD\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftiriyor. Aralar\u0131nda, \u201cBu \u015fekilde \u00e7\u0131kmamal\u0131yd\u0131. Hi\u00e7 olmazsa sistemin \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131 temin edecek kadar kalmal\u0131yd\u0131. Bari m\u00fcttefiklerine dan\u0131\u015fsayd\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015fmay\u0131 tercih edenler de bulunuyor. Hadi hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m 20 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesini.<\/div>\n<div>11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001\u2019de ABD\u2019ye yap\u0131lan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda el-Kaide ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn oldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 Afganistan\u2019\u0131n hedef tahtas\u0131na oturtulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Zira el-Kaide eleba\u015f\u0131 ter\u00f6rist Usame bin Ladin ve binlerce sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Taliban\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6netimindeki Afganistan\u2019da saklan\u0131yordu. Sadece el-Kaide de\u011fil, devlet otoritesinin ve kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Afganistan b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerine kar\u015f\u0131 faaliyetlerde bulunan \u00e7ok say\u0131da ba\u015fka ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn de yuvas\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti. Bush y\u00f6netimi el-Kaide liderini teslim etmesi ve \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn Afganistan\u2019daki faaliyetlerini yasaklamas\u0131 i\u00e7in Taliban h\u00fck\u00fbmetine \u00fcltimatom verdi. Verilen s\u00fcrenin sonunda Taliban bu talepleri yerine getirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in ABD Afganistan\u2019a sald\u0131rd\u0131. \u00dcstelik iki y\u0131l sonraki Irak sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak Afganistan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyinin de deste\u011fini alarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. K\u0131saca ABD\u2019nin Afganistan\u2019a giri\u015finin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki sebebi el-Kaide\u2019yi yok etmekti; Taliban\u2019la sava\u015fmak de\u011fil.<\/div>\n<div>Fakat uluslararas\u0131 siyasetin kural\u0131 \u2013Vietnam\u2019da ve Irak\u2019ta i\u015fledi\u011fi gibi &#8211; Afganistan\u2019da da i\u015fledi. ABD i\u00e7eri girdikten sonra ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki gerek\u00e7elerinin yerini, i\u00e7eride kalmay\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131racak ba\u015fka gerek\u00e7eler ald\u0131. ABD y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r ne Afganlar\u0131n, ne \u0130ngilizlerin ne de Ruslar\u0131n yapabildi\u011fi bir i\u015fe soyundu: Afgan ulusunu in\u015fa edecek, Afgan devletini meydana getirecekti, Afgan kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 \u201c\u00e7a\u011fda\u015fla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131\u201d, uyu\u015fturucu \u00fcretimini yok edecekti. Bunlar\u0131 yaparken de Taliban\u2019\u0131 tamamen \u201cetkisizle\u015ftirecekti.\u201d &nbsp;Va\u015fington bu i\u015fe giri\u015fti\u011finde yap\u0131lan\u0131n abesle i\u015ftigal oldu\u011funu, beyhude yere zaman ve para harcayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Afganistan\u2019\u0131n Amerika\u2019n\u0131n istedi\u011fi \u015fekilde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen \u00e7oktu ama dinleyen yoktu.<\/div>\n<div>20 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda 2 trilyon dolar harcad\u0131ktan sonra Va\u015fington, Afganistan\u2019da daha fazla kalmas\u0131n\u0131n anlams\u0131z oldu\u011funa karar verip \u00e7ekildi. Peki geride ne b\u0131rakt\u0131? Bu paran\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bile asker\u00ee operasyonlar yerine ger\u00e7ekten Afganistan\u2019\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na harcam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, toplumsal ve ekonomik bir taban bulamayan Taliban zaten kendili\u011finden yok olmu\u015f olacakt\u0131. Bunu yapmamay\u0131 tercih etti. Belki de, ABD\u2019nin el-Kaide\u2019yi kontrol alt\u0131na ald\u0131ktan sonra bile Afganistan\u2019da kalmaya devam etmesinin sebebi, \u00e7ok kereler iddia edildi\u011fi gibi, ABD\u2019deki silah sanayiine, m\u00fcteahhitlik firmalar\u0131na ve \u00f6zel g\u00fcvenlik \u015firketlerine para pompalamak i\u00e7indi.<\/div>\n<div>ABD\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131k ya da gizli gerek\u00e7eleri bunlard\u0131 da, sahi biz neden Afganistan\u2019a asker g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftik 20 y\u0131l \u00f6nce?<\/div>\n<div>TBMM\u2019nin 10 Ekim 2001 tarihinde kabul etti\u011fi Afganistan\u2019a asker g\u00f6nderme tezkeresine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda metinde iki \u00f6nemli gerek\u00e7eyi g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Birincisi \u201cABD\u2019nin ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadele konusunda her zaman T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yan\u0131nda oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 11 Eyl\u00fcl ter\u00f6rist sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00e7a\u011fd\u0131\u015f\u0131 Taliban\u2019la m\u00fccadelesinde ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201d, ikincisi de NATO Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 5. maddesinin i\u015flerlik kazanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyinin alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu 1368 ve 1373 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar da s\u00f6z konusu tezkerede zikredilmekteydi. D\u00f6nemin Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakan\u0131 Sabahattin \u00c7akmako\u011flu tezkere g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in Afganistan\u2019da m\u00fcttefiklerin yan\u0131nda olunaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc dile getirmi\u015fti. Bakan konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir yerinde, ABD\u2019nin Afganistan\u2019\u0131 bombalamas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: \u201cBu harek\u00e2t esnas\u0131nda sadece Afganistan\u2019daki ter\u00f6ristler de\u011fil, el-Kaide ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcyle birlikte, masum Afgan halk\u0131na y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7ile \u00e7ektiren, b\u00f6lge ve d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in de tehdit olu\u015fturan Taliban rejimi de hedef al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00e2len Pakistan, Kuveyt, Suudi Arabistan ve Orta Asya\u2019daki halk\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan hemen t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler de bu harek\u00e2ta destek vermektedirler.\u201d<\/div>\n<div>O g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede AK Parti ad\u0131na s\u00f6z alan Abdullah G\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn konu\u015fmas\u0131nda en dikkat \u00e7ekici olan husus, Taliban\u2019\u0131n iktidara geldi\u011fi d\u00f6nemde iktidarda olan Refah Yol h\u00fck\u00fbmetinin \u201cdar ve kat\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015ftaki Taliban h\u00fck\u00fbmetinin Afganistan\u2019a s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 getirece\u011fini, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada imaj\u0131n\u0131 bozaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yeni bir diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn Afganistan\u2019a h\u00e2kim olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek bu rejimi tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu\u201dnun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmesiydi. O d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye Burhanettin Rabbani\u2019nin kurudu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fbmeti muhatap almay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. G\u00fcl, ABD\u2019nin bombard\u0131man\u0131n sivil halk\u0131 hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, masum Afganlar\u0131n bundan zarar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu durumun el-Kaide\u2019ye sempatiyi art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fbmet tezkeresinin \u00e7ok geni\u015f oldu\u011fu ve kapsam\u0131, s\u00fcresi, zaman\u0131 belli olmayan bir tezkereye olumlu bakmad\u0131klar\u0131 gibi gerek\u00e7elerle partisinin Afganistan\u2019a asker g\u00f6nderilmesine evet oyu vermeyece\u011fini belirtmi\u015fti. Saadet Partisi ad\u0131na konu\u015fan rahmetli Oya Akg\u00f6nen\u00e7 de benzer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ileri s\u00fcrerek tezkereye hay\u0131r oyu vereceklerini belirtmi\u015fti. DYP ad\u0131na s\u00f6z alan Tansu \u00c7iller ise, \u201c\u0130ktidar hak etmese de B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkiye duru\u015funun bir gere\u011fi olarak m\u00fcttefik ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131nda yer alacaklar\u0131n\u0131\u201d yani olumlu oy vereceklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.&nbsp;Sonu\u00e7ta T\u00fcrkiye, Afganistan\u2019a ilk kez asker g\u00f6ndermesine dair tezkere, iktidardaki DSP, MHP ve ANAP\u2019\u0131n ve muhalefetteki DYP\u2019nin oylar\u0131yla kabul edildi. AK Parti ve Saadet Partisi ise muhalif kald\u0131lar.<\/div>\n<div>20 y\u0131l sonra Afganistan\u2019da kalmaya devam edelim mi diye tart\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, 10 Ekim 2001 tarihli tezkere g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin tutanaklar\u0131na tekrar g\u00f6z atmakta fayda var d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeyim.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ABD Afganistan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etti\u011finde y\u00f6netimde Taliban vard\u0131. Amerikan asker\u00ee m\u00fcdahalesiyle Taliban iktidar\u0131 kaybetti, da\u011fl\u0131k alanlara \u00e7ekildi veya kom\u015fu \u00fclkelere ka\u00e7t\u0131. Bug\u00fcn Taliban \u00fclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131na ald\u0131, ba\u015fkent K\u00e2bil\u2019e girdi. ABD\u2019nin \u201cdevlet in\u015fas\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda 20 y\u0131l boyunca yerel ortaklar\u0131yla birlikte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm projeler \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc. Afgan ordusu tek kur\u015fun dahi atmadan elindeki yerleri [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12046,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-5436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-30"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5436\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}