{"id":4646,"date":"2019-09-01T11:26:16","date_gmt":"2019-09-01T08:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=4646"},"modified":"2024-03-07T09:39:02","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T06:39:02","slug":"brexitin-turkiyeye-etkisi-01-09-2019-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=4646","title":{"rendered":"Brexit\u2019in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye etkisi (01.09.2019) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Boris Johnson \u00fclkesinin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 konusunda gemilerini yakt\u0131. \u0130ngiltere Parlamentosu\u2019nda son anda yap\u0131labilecek bir giri\u015fimle, AB\u2019den anla\u015fmas\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n engellenmesini istemeyen Johnson s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir yola ba\u015fvurdu. Krali\u00e7e II. Elizabeth\u2019le g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen Ba\u015fbakan, Parlamento\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ask\u0131ya almas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Kanunlar gere\u011fi Krali\u00e7e\u2019nin ba\u015fbakandan gelen bu istedi\u011fi geri \u00e7evirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan II. Elizabeth de Parlamento\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 14 Ekim\u2019e erteledi. Br\u00fcksel\u2019in daha \u00f6nce alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu kararlara g\u00f6re, \u0130ngiltere ve AB aras\u0131nda 31 Ekim\u2019e kadar bir anla\u015fma olmazsa, \u0130ngiltere Birlik\u2019ten 1 Kas\u0131m itibar\u0131yla&nbsp;anla\u015fmas\u0131z olarak \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olacak. Parlamento\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 14 Ekim\u2019den, son tarih olan 31 Ekim\u2019e kadar b\u00f6yle bir anla\u015fma konusunda ilerleme sa\u011flamas\u0131 neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Ba\u015fbakan Johnson -halk\u0131n geni\u015f kesimlerinden gelen tepkilere ra\u011fmen- hedefledi\u011fi anla\u015fmas\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in sadece g\u00fcn say\u0131yor&#8230;<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin AB\u2019ye giri\u015fi de sanc\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. \u0130ki kez Fransa taraf\u0131ndan veto edildikten sonra 1973\u2019te, o zamanki ad\u0131yla Avrupa Ekonomik Toplulu\u011fu\u2019na \u00fcye olan \u0130ngiltere, i\u00e7ine girdi\u011fi andan itibaren en kritik konularda Birlik i\u00e7in hep ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 oldu. Ekonomik b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fme i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemli iki konu olan Schengen Alan\u0131 ile Avro Alan\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmay\u0131 tercih eden \u0130ngiltere, siyasi konularda da s\u0131k s\u0131k Almanya-Fransa eksenindeki \u00fclkelerle ters d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fme en bariz \u015fekilde 2003\u2019teki ABD\u2019nin Irak sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130ngilizler, Almanya ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131rt \u00e7evirdi\u011fi George Bush\u2019un elinden tutarak, ABD\u2019nin yan\u0131nda Irak\u2019a asker g\u00f6nderdiler. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta hissedilmese de, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin -1960&#8217;larda Londra\u2019y\u0131 Washington\u2019\u0131n Truva At\u0131 olmakla itham eden Charles De Gaulle\u2019\u00fc hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131rcas\u0131na- Irak Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki tavr\u0131, hem 2005\u2019te AB Anayasal Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n reddedilmesinde, hem de Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeyi temin etmeyen gev\u015fek bir yap\u0131da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda etkili oldu. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin AB\u2019den \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131z kazanmas\u0131 da Aral\u0131k 2009\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonrad\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>AB\u2019den \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131 Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda ilk kez h\u00fckme ba\u011flan\u0131rken, antla\u015fmay\u0131 imzalayanlar \u015fayet ileride bir \u00fcye AB\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kacak olursa onun \u0130ngiltere olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyorlard\u0131. Ama hi\u00e7 kimse, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bir anla\u015fma olmadan ve hem kendisine hem de AB\u2019ye bu denli zarar vererek ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemi\u015fti.<\/div>\n<div>\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0130ngiltere ve AB a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan ekonomik etkilerinin ne olaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ladursun, bu \u00f6nemli olay\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelere de ciddi maliyetleri olacak. T\u00fcrkiye \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131lar Meclisi\u2019nin (T\u0130M) May\u0131s 2019\u2019da haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir rapora g\u00f6re, anla\u015fmas\u0131z Brexit\u2019ten AB \u00fcyeleri toplam 34,5 milyar dolarl\u0131k zarar g\u00f6recek. AB\u2019den sonra en fazla ticari zarar g\u00f6recek olan \u00fclke T\u00fcrkiye. \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye 2018\u2019de 11 milyar dolarl\u0131k ihracat ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin anla\u015fmas\u0131z Brexit\u2019ten kaynaklanan ihracat kayb\u0131 2,4 milyar dolar\u0131 bulabilecek. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi; 714 milyon dolarla G\u00fcney Kore, 497 milyon dolarla Pakistan ve 209 milyon dolarla Norve\u00e7 izliyor.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Brexit\u2019ten kazan\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacaklar da var. T\u0130M raporuna g\u00f6re, Brexit sonras\u0131 \u00c7in&#8217;in \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye ihracat\u0131 10,2 milyar dolar artacak. ABD 5,3 milyar dolar, Japonya 4,9 milyar dolar, Tayland 3,9 milyar dolar, G\u00fcney Afrika da 3 milyar dolar tutar\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye daha fazla ihracat yapabilecekler&#8230;<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin anla\u015fmas\u0131z Brexit durumunda baz\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131nda s\u0131f\u0131r g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi uygulayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelerin zarar\u0131n\u0131 nispeten azaltacak. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihracat tutar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %27\u2019si bu \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131ndan. Yine de, geriye kalan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde vergilerin artacak olmas\u0131 \u0130ngiltere pazar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk ihra\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc olumsuz etkileyecek. Dahas\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelere s\u0131f\u0131r g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi uygulanacak alanlar i\u00e7inde tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin de bulunmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye avantaj de\u011fil, dezavantaj getiriyor. Zira evvelce zaten G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi sebebiyle bu \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u0130ngiltere pazar\u0131na g\u00fcmr\u00fcks\u00fcz sokabilen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Brexit sonras\u0131nda kendilerine birdenbire s\u0131f\u0131r g\u00fcmr\u00fck piyangosu vuran \u00c7in ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00fclkeleri rakip olarak gelecek.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>En az tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim sekt\u00f6r\u00fc kadar anla\u015fmas\u0131z Brexit\u2019ten etkilenecek bir sekt\u00f6r de otomotivdir. 2018\u2019de 3 milyar dolar civar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye otomotiv ihracat\u0131n\u0131n, anla\u015fmas\u0131z Brexit sonras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7me ihtimali kuvvetli.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Diyebilirsiniz ki;&nbsp;&#8220;Madem \u0130ngiltere AB\u2019den anla\u015fma yapmadan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bunun zarar\u0131 oluyor, biz \u0130ngiltere ile bir ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapal\u0131m ve eski avantajlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koruyal\u0131m.&#8221;&nbsp;Akla ve mant\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ok uygun bu \u00f6nerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi maalesef m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 1996\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 1\/95 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye-AB Ortakl\u0131k Konseyi Karar\u0131 yani kamuoyundaki yayg\u0131n ad\u0131yla &#8220;G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131&#8221;&nbsp;sebebiyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, AB ile herhangi bir \u00fclke aras\u0131nda Serbest Ticaret Antla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmadan, tek ba\u015f\u0131na o \u00fclkeyle oturup anla\u015fmas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z. Yani Br\u00fcksel ile Londra anla\u015fmadan, T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130ngiltere ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanamaz&#8230;<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB \u00fclkelerine ihracat\u0131nda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumlu katk\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda, AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fclkelerle ticari ili\u015fkilerinde yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etkilerin art\u0131k giderilmesi laz\u0131m. Ankara\u2019n\u0131n Br\u00fcksel\u2019e sundu\u011fu G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin g\u00fcncellenmesi \u00f6nerisinin \u00fczerinden neredeyse iki bu\u00e7uk y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Hen\u00fcz hi\u00e7bir ad\u0131m atmayan AB\u2019nin art\u0131k d\u00fcrt\u00fclmesi laz\u0131m.<\/div>\n<div class=\"clearfix\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Boris Johnson \u00fclkesinin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 konusunda gemilerini yakt\u0131. \u0130ngiltere Parlamentosu\u2019nda son anda yap\u0131labilecek bir giri\u015fimle, AB\u2019den anla\u015fmas\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n engellenmesini istemeyen Johnson s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir yola ba\u015fvurdu. Krali\u00e7e II. Elizabeth\u2019le g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen Ba\u015fbakan, Parlamento\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ask\u0131ya almas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Kanunlar gere\u011fi Krali\u00e7e\u2019nin ba\u015fbakandan gelen bu istedi\u011fi geri \u00e7evirmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan II. Elizabeth de Parlamento\u2019nun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12362,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[32],"class_list":["post-4646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-32"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4646"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4646\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}