{"id":4515,"date":"2019-07-07T13:12:25","date_gmt":"2019-07-07T10:12:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=4515"},"modified":"2024-03-07T09:48:30","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T06:48:30","slug":"abd-hakkinda-bilmemiz-gereken-10-sey-07-07-2019-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=4515","title":{"rendered":"ABD hakk\u0131nda bilmemiz gereken 10 \u015fey (07.07.2019) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n uzun zamand\u0131r ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00fcndem maddesini ABD ile ili\u015fkiler olu\u015fturuyor. Bu devletin d\u0131\u015f siyaset tarz\u0131n\u0131 tahlil ederken her zaman ak\u0131lda tutmam\u0131z gereken 10 temel bilgiye bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m:<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>1- ABD \u2018Yeni Roma\u2019 olarak kurulmu\u015ftur. Kurucu babalar\u0131n yazd\u0131klar\u0131na ve s\u00f6ylediklerine d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Roma\u2019n\u0131n cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemine \u00f6yk\u00fcnmeyle ba\u015flayan ve 1898\u2019den itibaren \u0130mparatorluk d\u00f6nemine at\u0131flarla devam eden Roma vurgusunu apa\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Amerikan paras\u0131na, ba\u015fkentinin mimarisine, yasama organ\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131na, ordunun yap\u0131s\u0131na, topraklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imine vb. bakarsan\u0131z aleni ve z\u0131mni Roma vurgusu g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde tebell\u00fcr ediverir.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>2- Cumhuriyet\u00e7i veya Demokrat bir\u00e7ok Amerikal\u0131 siyaset\u00e7i ve b\u00fcrokrat \u2018a\u00e7\u0131k kader\/manifest destiny\u2019 itikad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcrididir. Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ABD\u2019ye, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n mazlum ve ezilen halklar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve demokrasi g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek misyonunu y\u00fckledi\u011fine inan\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcridana g\u00f6re s\u00fcrekli geni\u015flemek ABD\u2019nin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz kaderi ve Tanr\u0131 vergisi hakk\u0131d\u0131r&#8230;<\/div>\n<div>3- Y\u00f6netici elit Weber\u2019in tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle Protestan Ahlak\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015ftir. Beyaz, Anglosakson, Protestan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olan bu y\u00f6netici elit kendinden olmayanlara ancak ve ancak kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na hizmet ettikleri zaman k\u0131ymet verir. ABD d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki d\u00fcnya, Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n refah\u0131 ve mutlulu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir ara\u00e7tan ibarettir. Hatta \u00e7o\u011fu zaman Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bile de\u011fil, belli bir z\u00fcmrenin esenli\u011finin temin edilmesi her \u015feyin \u00f6n\u00fcnde gelir.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>4- Lincoln gibi ba\u015fkanlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a reddetse de, bir\u00e7ok Amerikal\u0131 siyaset bilimci, kuruculardan Alexander Hamilton\u2019\u0131n \u2018se\u00e7ilmi\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u2019 emelinin ABD ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131nda v\u00fccut buldu\u011funu yazarlar. 1787\u2019de Hamilton yeni devletin se\u00e7imle gelecek ve \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu g\u00f6rev yapacak bir kral\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftu. Bu teklif reddedildi. Ama d\u00f6rder y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemlerle se\u00e7ilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ba\u015fkana anayasayla \u00f6yle geni\u015f yetkiler verildi ki, \u2018se\u00e7ilmi\u015f kral\u2019 benzetmesi hi\u00e7bir zaman demode olmad\u0131.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>5- Yetkileri itibar\u0131yla&nbsp;\u2018kral gibi\u2019 olsa da, Amerikan ba\u015fkan\u0131 bu yetkilerini istedi\u011fi gibi kullanamaz. Amerikan cumhuriyeti g\u00fc\u00e7ler ayr\u0131m\u0131 ile kontrol ve denge prensiplerinin \u00fczerine oturtulmu\u015ftur. Y\u00fcr\u00fctme; Yasama ve Yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131yla uyum ve denge i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcddet\u00e7e Ba\u015fkan kendi siyasetini takip edebilir. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fma ise b\u00fct\u00e7esini bile zora sokar.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>6- ABD\u2019de parti taassubu yoktur; z\u00fcmre taassubu vard\u0131r. K\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok partili, fiiliyatta ise iki partili Amerikan sisteminde yasama organ\u0131 \u00fcyeleri, ayn\u0131 partiden olsalar da Ba\u015fkan\u2019\u0131n politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kabilirler. Ba\u015fkanla de\u011fil de, ba\u015fka partilerdekilerle dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde olmalar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki itici g\u00fc\u00e7, \u2018z\u00fcmre tassubudur\u2019. Kahir ekseriyetle Amerikal\u0131 siyaset\u00e7i bir ya da birka\u00e7 bask\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131kar grubunun;&nbsp;bizde yayg\u0131n ad\u0131yla \u2018lobinin\u2019 adam\u0131d\u0131r. Mensubu oldu\u011fu z\u00fcmrenin talepleri, Ba\u015fkan\u2019\u0131nkinden farkl\u0131 ise ve mezkur z\u00fcmrenin kendisine yeniden se\u00e7ilebilmesi i\u00e7in verece\u011fi deste\u011fe muhta\u00e7sa, hi\u00e7 g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rpmadan Ba\u015fkan\u2019dan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015febilir. Bunu da, \u2018herkesten evvel se\u00e7menlerine kar\u015f\u0131 sorumlu oldu\u011fu ve onlar\u0131n istekleri do\u011frultusunda davranmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u2019 k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131na sokar. Herkes b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de bu davran\u0131\u015f i\u00e7 siyasette garipsenmez, genel kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>7- Komplo teorisi diyenler olsa da, ABD\u2019de bir \u2018derin devlet\u2019 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc emareleri mevcuttur. B\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131, yayg\u0131n inan\u00e7 gruplar\u0131 ve \u2018a\u00e7\u0131k kader\u2019 itikad\u0131 m\u00fcridan\u0131 b\u00fcrokratlar \u00fc\u00e7geninde kurgulanm\u0131\u015f bu \u2018derin devlet\u2019 m\u00fc\u015fterek \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, yeri geldi\u011finde kendilerine mensup olmayan ABD ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131 bile i\u015f yapamaz h\u00e2le getirebilir ya da elini kolunu ba\u011flayabilir.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>8- S\u0131radan Amerikal\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikleriyle, y\u00f6netici elitin \u00f6ncelikleri birbirinden ayr\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131radan Amerikal\u0131, evlad\u0131 deniz \u00f6tesi bir yerlerde asker de\u011filse, d\u0131\u015f politikayla ilgilenmez. D\u00fcnyas\u0131 eyaleti hatta ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kentle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Televizyon haberlerinde nadiren d\u0131\u015f politika konular\u0131na yer verilir. S\u0131radan Amerikal\u0131n\u0131n co\u011frafya bilgisi mahduttur. G-8 \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7inde en dindar halk ABD\u2019dedir. 100 milyondan fazla Amerikal\u0131 i\u00e7in kilisedeki rahibin s\u00f6zleri uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilere bak\u0131\u015fta temel referans noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>9- ABD\u2019nin i\u00e7timai huzurunun istinat dire\u011fi, \u2018istedi\u011fi kadar t\u00fcketebilme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr\u2019. Amerikal\u0131 siyaset\u00e7i Amerikan vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n porsiyonunun b\u00fcy\u00fck, benzininin ucuz, \u00e7iminin ye\u015fil, danas\u0131n\u0131n besili, m\u0131s\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n taneli, suyunun buzlu, otob\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn klimal\u0131, internetinin h\u0131zl\u0131, otoyolunun geni\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 temin etmekle m\u00fckelleftir. \u00d6z kaynaklar\u0131 ne kadar geni\u015f olsa da, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n zenginliklerini kesintisiz ve ucuza \u00fclkeye ak\u0131tabilmek \u00f6nceliklidir.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>10- T\u00fcketebilmek i\u00e7in \u00fcretebilmek ve \u00fcretti\u011fini de satabilmek gerekti\u011finden, ABD i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya ya pazar ya da potansiyel pazard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fine gelirse ticaretin serbestle\u015fmesini, gelmezse korumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunur. Japonya\u2019n\u0131n limanlar\u0131n\u0131 top zoruyla ticarete a\u00e7t\u0131rm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Latin Amerika\u2019da ticari \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmemek i\u00e7in \u2018meyve&nbsp;sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019 \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, petrol ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130ran\u2019da h\u00fck\u00fbmeti devirmi\u015fli\u011fi vard\u0131r.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Hobbes bug\u00fcn ya\u015fasayd\u0131, k\u00fcresel bir Leviathan i\u00e7in ABD\u2019den ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek aramazd\u0131&#8230;<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n uzun zamand\u0131r ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00fcndem maddesini ABD ile ili\u015fkiler olu\u015fturuyor. Bu devletin d\u0131\u015f siyaset tarz\u0131n\u0131 tahlil ederken her zaman ak\u0131lda tutmam\u0131z gereken 10 temel bilgiye bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m: &nbsp; 1- ABD \u2018Yeni Roma\u2019 olarak kurulmu\u015ftur. Kurucu babalar\u0131n yazd\u0131klar\u0131na ve s\u00f6ylediklerine d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, Roma\u2019n\u0131n cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemine \u00f6yk\u00fcnmeyle ba\u015flayan ve 1898\u2019den itibaren \u0130mparatorluk d\u00f6nemine at\u0131flarla [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12383,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[32],"class_list":["post-4515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-32"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4515"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4515\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}