{"id":1996,"date":"2017-04-02T14:42:36","date_gmt":"2017-04-02T11:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1996"},"modified":"2024-03-07T14:12:59","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T11:12:59","slug":"irakin-bolunmesi-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1996","title":{"rendered":"Irak’\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi (02.04.2017) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Irak K\u00fcrt B\u00f6lgesel Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin (IKBY) Kerk\u00fck\u2019teki kamu binalar\u0131na Irak bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na kendi bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmesi hem Ba\u011fdat y\u00f6netimi hem de Ankara taraf\u0131ndan tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Bu hamleden sadece iki g\u00fcn sonra IKBY Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mesud Barzani \u201c\u00e7ok yak\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in bir referandum\u201d d\u00fczenleyeceklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.\u00a0Irak\u2019\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmamas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en fazla \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi d\u0131\u015f politika konular\u0131ndan biri olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/strong>\u00a0Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, b\u00f6lgede yeni istikrars\u0131zl\u0131klara, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara ve bundan istifade eden ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin faaliyetlerinin artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek b\u00f6yle bir ad\u0131m\u0131n telaffuzu bile derin endi\u015feye yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kerk\u00fck ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k konular\u0131 Barzani taraf\u0131ndan ilk kez g\u00fcndeme getirilmiyor. Erbil y\u00f6netimi, 2003\u2019teki ABD-Irak sava\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana hem Kerk\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn aidiyeti hem de IKBY alan\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde say\u0131s\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her seferinde ABD\u2019den, Ankara\u2019dan ve Ba\u011fdat\u2019tan gelen tepkilerle geri ad\u0131m at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eimdi de ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyenler var. Fakat Trump y\u00f6netiminin Irak politikas\u0131n\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131 netle\u015fmeden, bu giri\u015fimin de sonu\u00e7suz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in erken. \u015eayet ABD Irak\u2019\u0131n Araplar ve K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine ve b\u00f6lgesel y\u00f6netim topraklar\u0131nda yeni bir devlet kurulmas\u0131na s\u0131cak yakla\u015f\u0131rsa bu tehlikeli s\u00fcre\u00e7 Ba\u011fdat-Erbil aras\u0131nda silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, IKBY\u2019nin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k talebini me\u015fru k\u0131lacak \u015fartlar mevcut de\u011fil.<\/strong>\u00a0Barzani ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla ilgili s\u00f6ylemini self-determinasyon hakk\u0131na dayand\u0131r\u0131yor. \u201cKendi gelece\u011fini tayin hakk\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde de s\u00f6ylenebilecek bu hak Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda (1\/2, 55., 76. maddelerinde) yer al\u0131yor. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra da bir\u00e7ok devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan\u0131nda self-determinasyona at\u0131f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Son olarak Sudan\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ve G\u00fcney Sudan ad\u0131yla yeni bir devletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda 11 Temmuz 2011\u2019de okunan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k bildirgesinde de self-determinasyon hakk\u0131na at\u0131flar vard\u0131. Orada da \u00f6nce referandum yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan edilmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan, self-determinasyon hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilmesi baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir. S\u00f6z konusu \u00fclkenin s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeden kurtulmak istemesi, bask\u0131c\u0131 ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131 bir y\u00f6netimden ayr\u0131lma talebi s\u00f6z konusuysa bu hakk\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 alanda genel bir destek s\u00f6z konusudur. Ayr\u0131ca, taraflar aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131\u015fma\/b\u00f6l\u00fcnme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir anla\u015fma olursa ya da \u00fclkenin anayasas\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir ayr\u0131\u015fmaya izin veriyorsa da, self-determinasyon hakk\u0131 kullan\u0131larak yeni bir devletin kurulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Quebec\u2019in Kanada\u2019dan, \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019n\u0131n da Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019tan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan referandumlar, taraflar aras\u0131ndaki anla\u015fmayla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130spanya ise, Katalonya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in referandum yapmas\u0131na izin vermemektedir.\u00a0Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, self determinasyon hakk\u0131, her toplulu\u011fun, her \u015fart alt\u0131nda, her istedi\u011fi zaman ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan edebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez.\u00a0<\/strong>Uygulamada da bu b\u00f6yledir.<\/span><\/p>\n

2005\u2019te kabul edilen Irak anayasas\u0131n\u0131n 4., 113. ve 137. maddeleriyle\u00a0\u00fclkenin kuzeyinde federe bir siyasi yap\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu siyasi yap\u0131n\u0131n yetki ve sorumluluklar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Ba\u011fdat\u2019\u0131n Erbil \u00fczerinde, S\u0131rbistan\u2019\u0131n Kosova \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funa benzer bir sistematik bask\u0131s\u0131, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, anti-demokratik dayatmalar\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Zaman zaman ya\u015fanan gerilimler esas itibariyle petrol\u00fcn payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 meselesinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Hal b\u00f6yle iken, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in referandum yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirecek ne maddi \u015fartlar ne de Ba\u011fdat y\u00f6netiminin buna r\u0131zas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/strong>\u00a0Barzani\u2019nin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k konusunu g\u00fcndeme getirmesinin en \u00f6nemli sebebi, IKBY i\u00e7indeki siyasal dengelerdir. Kendi siyasi pozisyonunu sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve siyasi muhalefeti etkisizle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Ba\u011fdat\u2019la didi\u015fmek, halk\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131n destek verece\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k konusunu ortaya atmak Barzani\u2019nin i\u015fine gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Barzani\u2019nin bunlar\u0131 yaparken T\u00fcrkiye ve merkez\u00ee\u00a0Irak y\u00f6netimini ayn\u0131 anda kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na almas\u0131 siyasi bir hesaps\u0131zl\u0131k \u00f6rne\u011fi gibi durmaktad\u0131r. Zira T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc deste\u011fi olmadan mevcut d\u00fczenlemeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bile IKBY\u2019nin Ba\u011fdat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda direnebilmesi zordur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Barzani\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hangi konularda hassas oldu\u011funu bunca y\u0131ll\u0131k ini\u015fli-\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ili\u015fkiden sonra art\u0131k bilmesi gerekti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Yine de hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m:\u00a01-T\u00fcrkiye Irak\u2019\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemez. 2-T\u00fcrkiye ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin IKBY alan\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6stermelerini istemez. 3-T\u00fcrkiye b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan etnik gruplar\u0131n anayasal haklar\u0131na halel gelmesini istemez. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede IKBY b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan Irak T\u00fcrklerinin, K\u00fcrtlerin ve Araplar\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rece\u011fi hi\u00e7bir d\u00fczenlemeye s\u0131cak bakmaz.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Irak K\u00fcrt B\u00f6lgesel Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin (IKBY) Kerk\u00fck\u2019teki kamu binalar\u0131na Irak bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na kendi bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmesi hem Ba\u011fdat y\u00f6netimi hem de Ankara taraf\u0131ndan tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. Bu hamleden sadece iki g\u00fcn sonra IKBY Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mesud Barzani \u201c\u00e7ok yak\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in bir referandum\u201d d\u00fczenleyeceklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.\u00a0Irak\u2019\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmamas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en fazla \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi d\u0131\u015f politika konular\u0131ndan biri olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.\u00a0Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12921,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[10],"class_list":["post-1996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-10"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1996","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1996"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1996\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}