{"id":1920,"date":"2016-10-09T14:18:55","date_gmt":"2016-10-09T11:18:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1920"},"modified":"2024-03-07T14:45:45","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T11:45:45","slug":"musul-meselesi-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1920","title":{"rendered":"MUSUL MESELES\u0130 (09.10.2016) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015f Politikas\u0131 tarihinin \u00fczerinde en fazla yaz\u0131lan konular\u0131ndan biri Lozan d\u00fczenlemeleriyse, bunlar aras\u0131nda en fazla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131k da \u015f\u00fcphesiz Musul meselesidir. Musul\u2019un DAE\u015e\u2019ten geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak harek\u00e2t\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 devam ederken, bu vatan topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l elden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili tarihsel tart\u0131\u015fma tekrarlan\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc stratejik\/asker\u00ee boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fimdilik bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131p, bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k 93 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Musul vilayetinin kaybedili\u015fine dair bilgilerimizi tazeleyelim…<\/span><\/p>\n

Musul\u2019dan kas\u0131t sadece bug\u00fcn Irak\u2019\u0131n bir ili olan Musul kenti de\u011fil, \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f bir alan\u0131 kapsayan Musul vilayetidir. 1878\u2019e kadar Ba\u011fdat vilayetine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sancak iken, o tarihte vilayete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Musul merkez, \u015eehr-i Z\u00fbr ve S\u00fcleymaniye sancaklar\u0131 buraya ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Musul vilayeti, 17 kaza, 28 nahiye ve 2314 k\u00f6yden m\u00fcte\u015fekkil yakla\u015f\u0131k 75.000 kilometrekare y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne ve 1923 itibariyle 503.000 n\u00fcfusa sahip bir idari birim h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

28 Ocak 1920 tarihinde Osmanl\u0131 Meclisi taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen Misak-\u0131 Mill\u00ee belgesinde yap\u0131lan tarife g\u00f6re Musul vilayeti vatan topra\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Stat\u00fc olarak \u0130stanbul ne ise Musul da odur. Zira 30 Ekim 1918\u2019de Mondros M\u00fctarekesi imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu topraklar T\u00fcrk askerinin kontrol\u00fcndedir. Bu b\u00f6lge 15 Kas\u0131m 1918\u2019de bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130ngilizlerin eline ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6nderilen T\u00fcrk Heyeti\u2019ne TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti (Bakanlar Kurulu) taraf\u0131ndan 14 maddelik bir talimat verilmi\u015ftir. Bu talimat\u0131n ikinci maddesi aynen \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131: S\u00fcleymaniye, Kerk\u00fck ve Musul livalar\u0131 istenecek, konferansta ba\u015fka bir durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131karsa h\u00fck\u00fbmetten talimat al\u0131nacak.”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Verilen talimatta yer alan maddelerin hayati \u00f6nem s\u0131ras\u0131na g\u00f6re yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul edersek, T\u00fcrkiye Lozan Konferans\u0131\u2019na giderken en \u00f6ncelikli ikinci konusu Musul\u2019un geri al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu h\u00e2liyle, kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan da, Osmanl\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131 konusundan da, yabanc\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n T\u00fcrk hukukuna tabi olmas\u0131ndan da \u00f6nce gelmektedir. Musul\u2019dan daha hayati addedilen tek ba\u015fl\u0131k Anadolu\u2019da bir \u2018Ermeni Yurdu\u2019 kurulmas\u0131 hususu olup, bunun da katiyen \u2018kabul edilmeyece\u011fi\u2019 talimatta net bi\u00e7imde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lozan Konferans\u0131 20 Kas\u0131m 1922\u2019de ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, Musul ve kapit\u00fclasyonlar konusunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan anla\u015fmazl\u0131k sebebiyle 4 \u015eubat 1923\u2019te kesilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk heyetinin Ankara\u2019ya d\u00f6nmesinden sonra TBMM\u2019de yap\u0131lan gizli oturumda en fazla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konu Musul olmu\u015ftur. Bu oturumda baz\u0131 milletvekillerinin Musul\u2019un T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekirse asker\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015feklinde \u00f6nerileri olmu\u015ftur. Nihayetinde heyetin Lozan\u2019a geri d\u00f6nmesi, Musul d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki konularda bir anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, Musul konusunun daha ileri bir tarihte \u0130ngilizlerle ikili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yoluyla ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konferans\u0131n ikinci safhas\u0131ndaki m\u00fczakerelerden sonra 24 Temmuz 1923\u2019te Lozan\u2019da imzalanan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 3. maddesinde T\u00fcrkiye-Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 konusu \u015fu \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\n

“… S\u0131n\u0131r i\u015fbu Antla\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giri\u015finden ba\u015flayarak 9 ayl\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrkiye ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda dostane bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yoluyla tespit edilecektir. \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde iki h\u00fck\u00fbmet aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lamazsa, ihtilaf Milletler Cemiyeti\u2019ne g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecektir.”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Her ne kadar, antla\u015fmay\u0131 takip eden 3 y\u0131l boyunca T\u00fcrkiye Musul\u2019u alabilmek i\u00e7in elinden gelen diplomatik ve asker\u00ee \u00e7abay\u0131 g\u00f6sterecek olsa da, esasen Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 3. maddesindeki bu ifadeler Musul\u2019un orada \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye terk edildi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Zira Musul\u2019dan kesinlikle vazge\u00e7mek istemeyen \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle \u2018dostane\u2019 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 pe\u015finen a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu gibi, konuyu o tarihte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fcye dahi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, dahas\u0131 \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin s\u00f6z\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kmayan Milletler Cemiyeti\u2019nin \u2018adaletine\u2019 b\u0131rakmak ancak bu \u015fekilde yorumlanabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nitekim \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ikili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonu\u00e7 vermemi\u015f, Milletler Cemiyeti s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin istedi\u011fi \u015fekilde \u00e7izmi\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Musul\u2019a do\u011fru bir asker\u00ee giri\u015fiminin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc almak i\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan Hakkari\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan ayaklanma T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elini kolunu ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1925\u2019te Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019daki bir di\u011fer ayaklanmayla me\u015fgul olan T\u00fcrkiye, Haziran 1926\u2019da yap\u0131lan Ankara Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla Musul\u2019u \u0130ngiltere mandas\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki Irak\u2019a b\u0131rakmay\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Musul Irak\u2019a b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rken, bu b\u00f6lgeden elde edilecek y\u0131ll\u0131k petrol gelirlerinin %10\u2019unun 25 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye verilmesi de h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ama T\u00fcrkiye bu alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sadece bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tahsil edebilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tarihte \u2018ke\u015fke\u2019lere ve \u2018belki\u2019lere yer olmamakla birlikte, insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden edemiyor: Misak-\u0131 Mill\u00ee s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na dahil Musul T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kalabilseydi enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k diye bir sorunumuz olur muydu?<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015f Politikas\u0131 tarihinin \u00fczerinde en fazla yaz\u0131lan konular\u0131ndan biri Lozan d\u00fczenlemeleriyse, bunlar aras\u0131nda en fazla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fl\u0131k da \u015f\u00fcphesiz Musul meselesidir. Musul\u2019un DAE\u015e\u2019ten geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak harek\u00e2t\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 devam ederken, bu vatan topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l elden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili tarihsel tart\u0131\u015fma tekrarlan\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc stratejik\/asker\u00ee boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fimdilik bir kenara b\u0131rak\u0131p, bundan yakla\u015f\u0131k 93 y\u0131l \u00f6nce […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13003,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-1920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1920"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1920\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}