{"id":1917,"date":"2016-10-02T14:18:13","date_gmt":"2016-10-02T11:18:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1917"},"modified":"2024-03-07T14:46:59","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T11:46:59","slug":"abd-suudi-arabistan-gerginligi-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1917","title":{"rendered":"ABD-Suudi Arabistan gerginli\u011fi (02.10.2016) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

20 \u015eubat 1945\u2019te, ABD\u2019nin Quincy Z\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131, S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye ev sahipli\u011fi yapt\u0131. Yalta Konferans\u0131\u2019ndan d\u00f6nen ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Suudi Arabistan Kral\u0131 Abd\u00fclaziz bin Suud ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde her ikisi de o g\u00fcn \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda 70 y\u0131ldan fazla devam edecek \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fkinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc temellerini att\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorlard\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeden iki ay sonra Roosevelt \u00f6ld\u00fc. Kral Abd\u00fclaziz ise 1953\u2019te \u00f6lene kadar ABD ile ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmeye devam etti. \u0130li\u015fkinin \u015fekillenmesinde ne Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n stratejik konumu ne de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ordusu etkili olmu\u015ftu. 3 Mart 1938\u2019de Dahran yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, Kaliforniya k\u00f6kenli bir Amerikan \u015firketinin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuyudan f\u0131\u015fk\u0131ran petrol ve ard\u0131ndan Amerikan \u015firketleriyle Suudi ailesi aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan anla\u015fmalar, ABD i\u00e7in Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u201cm\u00fcttefiklerden\u201d biri h\u00e2line getirmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dahran\u2019da petrol bulan Kaliforniya firmas\u0131 daha sonra Arap-Amerikan Petrol \u015eirketi (ARAMCO) ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. 1950\u2019den, Suudi Arabistan Petrol \u015eirketi\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi 1988\u2019e kadar ARAMCO ile Suudi Arabistan Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda yenilenen anla\u015fmalarla Suudi topraklar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan petrolden elde edilen gelir taraflar aras\u0131nda yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir ticari anla\u015fmadan ibaret g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, asl\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol \u00fcreticisinin t\u00fcm rezervlerini bir Amerikan \u015firketine emanet etti\u011fi bu mekanizmada \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc bir siyasi taahh\u00fct ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir taraf da vard\u0131. ABD-Suudi Arabistan ili\u015fkileri hakk\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok say\u0131da akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, Suudi-ARAMCO anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen\u201d taraf\u0131n\u0131n Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve \u201csiyasi taahh\u00fcdd\u00fcn\u201d de, ABD\u2019nin Suudi ailesine verdi\u011fi \u201ciktidara destek\u201d garantisi oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendirmeler yer al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Konuyu 1920’lere giderek kurcalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yer alt\u0131 zenginli\u011fi \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131 y\u00f6netenlerin uzun y\u0131llar boyunca derin iktidar endi\u015feleri ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Bunun en temel sebebi \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fc y\u00f6neten Ha\u015fimilerle Suudiler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eki\u015fmedir. Abd\u00fclaziz bin Suud taraf\u0131ndan Hicaz\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmadan evvel bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00dcrd\u00fcn kral\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck dedesi \u015eerif H\u00fcseyin, Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan sonra Arabistan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n tek kral\u0131 olmay\u0131 planl\u0131yordu. Ama kendisini ayakland\u0131ran ve silahland\u0131ran \u0130ngilizler, koskoca Arap co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n tek bir aile taraf\u0131ndan idare edilmesini kendileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehlikeli bulmaktayd\u0131lar. Hicaz\u2019da g\u00f6z\u00fc olan Suudi ailesine verdikleri destekle \u201ctek Arap krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d hayalini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131lar. Tabiat\u0131yla bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de Frans\u0131z manda idaresi alt\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131, Filistin\u2019e Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc engelleyecek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir duru\u015f sergileyemedi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Suudi-\u00dcrd\u00fcn \u00e7eki\u015fmesi, 1945\u2019te kurulan Arap Liginde de s\u00fcregitti. \u0130srail kuruldu\u011funda Suudi Arabistan\u2019daki a\u015firetlerden birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz s\u00fcvarinin \u201cFilistin\u2019i kurtarmak i\u00e7in\u201d yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda \u201cmaazallah, ne olur ne olmaz\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle Akabe\u2019den \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019e sokulmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve ancak M\u0131s\u0131r g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131ndan Refah\u2019a do\u011fru ilerleyebildiklerini tarih kitaplar\u0131 yaz\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ha\u015fimi \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve yine Ha\u015fimi ailesinden bir kral\u0131n tahtta oldu\u011fu Irak ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ok yak\u0131n ili\u015fkiler, Suudilerin bunu dengeleyebilmek i\u00e7in ABD\u2019yle yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinden biri olarak say\u0131labilir. Ama \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Suudileri tamamen Amerikal\u0131lara b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek de ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i olmaz. ABD-Suudi Arabistan ili\u015fkisinin gizli orta\u011f\u0131 her zaman \u0130ngiltere olmu\u015ftur. Yani Anglosakson k\u00fcresel hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131n tesis edildi\u011fi 1945 sonras\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeninde, bir\u00e7ok devletle ili\u015fkilerde oldu\u011fu gibi Suudilerle ili\u015fkilerde de ABD ve \u0130ngiltere \u201ciyi polis\u201d, \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc polis\u201d oyununu defalarca oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

ABD\u2019yle g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ili\u015fkiler Suudileri, anti-emperyalist ve reformcu Arap hareketlerine yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, Filistin meselesinde de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hareketsizle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Belki tek istisna, \u0130srail\u2019e destek veren \u00fclkelere petrol ambargosu uygulayan Suudi Kral\u0131 Faysal\u2019d\u0131r. Onun da ye\u011feni taraf\u0131ndan 1975\u2019te \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sonra Suudi Arabistan ABD ve di\u011fer Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerle ili\u015fkilerinde eski \u00e7izgisine d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, \u0130srail\u2019le perde gerisinden diplomatik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle son 10 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u0130ran\u2019la ciddi bir rekabet ya\u015famaya ba\u015flayan Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n ABD ve Almanya\u2019dan silah al\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u0130srail a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Obama\u2019n\u0131n vetosuna ra\u011fmen Kongre\u2019nin Suudi Arabistan’a 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yan yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (Ter\u00f6rizme Destek Verenlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Adalet Yasa Tasar\u0131s\u0131) onaylamas\u0131n\u0131 bu arka planla birlikte de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir. ABD-Suudi Arabistan ili\u015fkilerinin stratejik boyutlar\u0131, Kongre\u2019nin bu karar\u0131yla birden ortadan kalkmayacak kadar derindir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

20 \u015eubat 1945\u2019te, ABD\u2019nin Quincy Z\u0131rhl\u0131s\u0131, S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019nda \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye ev sahipli\u011fi yapt\u0131. Yalta Konferans\u0131\u2019ndan d\u00f6nen ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Suudi Arabistan Kral\u0131 Abd\u00fclaziz bin Suud ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde her ikisi de o g\u00fcn \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda 70 y\u0131ldan fazla devam edecek \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fkinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc temellerini att\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorlard\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeden iki ay sonra Roosevelt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13009,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-1917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1917"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1917\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}