{"id":1881,"date":"2016-07-10T14:09:33","date_gmt":"2016-07-10T11:09:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1881"},"modified":"2024-03-07T15:11:26","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T12:11:26","slug":"natonun-yeni-tehditlerle-imtihani-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1881","title":{"rendered":"NATO\u2019nun yeni tehditlerle imtihan\u0131 (10.07.2016) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/back\/js\/ckeditor\/fileman\/uploads\/prof_dr_cagri.erhan@2x.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">Kuzey Atlantik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (NATO) Var\u015fova\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 zirvesinin ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018g\u00fcney kanad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 olarak belirlenmi\u015fti. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta bu ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda d\u00f6rt konu yer al\u0131yordu. DAE\u015e ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcyle, Taliban\u2019la, \u0130ran\u2019dan alg\u0131lanan f\u00fcze tehdidiyle ve Arap Bahar\u0131 sonras\u0131 ya\u015fanan m\u00fclteci dalgas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan sorunlarla m\u00fccadele. Fakat bu d\u00f6rt alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131nda, en az onlar kadar \u00f6nemli bir di\u011fer konu da Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Balt\u0131klar&#8217;da, Karadeniz\u2019de ve Akdeniz\u2019deki faaliyetlerinin do\u011furdu\u011fu endi\u015felerin nas\u0131l giderilece\u011fiydi. Son olarak, siber g\u00fcvenlik, \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin savunma harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile i\u015f birli\u011finin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi konular\u0131 da Var\u015fova Zirvesi\u2019nin g\u00fcndeminde yer almaktayd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc asker\u00ee ittifak\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc veren NATO, bir\u00e7ok konuda etkili \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretmekten uzak oldu\u011funu Var\u015fova Zirvesi\u2019nde de g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. Kuruldu\u011fu 1949\u2019dan bu yana t\u00fcm NATO zirveleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda te\u015fkilat\u0131n bu kadar zay\u0131f, bu kadar \u00e7aresiz ve bu kadar liderlikten mahrum bir d\u00f6neminden daha s\u00f6z edilemez. Bunun ba\u015fl\u0131ca be\u015f sebebi var&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">Birincisi 1991\u2019deki Roma Zirvesi\u2019nden bu yana s\u00fcrekli \u015fekilde yeni \u015fartlara uyum sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan NATO\u2019nun d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n, d\u00fcnyadaki tehditlerin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n gerisinde kalmas\u0131d\u0131r. 1999\u2019da Washington Zirvesi\u2019nde Yeni Stratejik Konsept\u2019in kabul edilmesiyle art\u0131k bir savunma ittifak\u0131 olman\u0131n yan\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak da i\u015flev g\u00f6rece\u011fini ilan eden NATO, 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden 15 y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra bile \u00fcyelerini hedef alan ter\u00f6rist faaliyetlerin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc kurutamad\u0131. Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin yap\u0131s\u0131, faaliyet alanlar\u0131, eylem kapasiteleri ve sald\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekillerinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda NATO\u2019nun m\u00fccadele mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fi son derece hantal kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0130kinci sebep, NATO\u2019nun cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yeni d\u00f6nemin tehditleriyle m\u00fccadelede bir anlam ifade etmemesidir. 1949\u2019da kuruldu\u011funda Kuzey \u0130ttifak\u0131\u2019n\u0131n amac\u0131, sald\u0131rgan\u0131 bertaraf edip cezaland\u0131rmaktan ziyade, onu herhangi bir NATO \u00fcyesine sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunmaktan cayd\u0131rmakt\u0131. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f boyunca cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k t\u0131k\u0131r t\u0131k\u0131r i\u015fledi. SSCB, NATO \u00fcyelerine sald\u0131rmay\u0131 g\u00f6ze alamad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn ise uluslararas\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle m\u00fccadelede cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kavram\u0131 hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ifade etmiyor. Alana inip ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle asker\u00ee m\u00fccadeleye girmek zorundas\u0131n\u0131z. T\u00fcm NATO \u00fcyelerinin ellerini ta\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131na ayn\u0131 oranda koyduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, NATO\u2019nun \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finin kontrols\u00fcz b\u00fcy\u00fcmesidir. SSCB 1991\u2019de \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n 16 \u00fcyesi vard\u0131. Bug\u00fcn say\u0131 28. Yeni \u00fcyelerle birlikte NATO\u2019nun \u2018m\u00fc\u015fterek\u2019lerinin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok zorla\u015ft\u0131. \u2018M\u00fc\u015fterek tehdit\u2019, \u2018m\u00fc\u015fterek komuta\u2019, \u2018m\u00fc\u015fterek savunma\u2019 ve \u2018m\u00fc\u015fterek operasyon\u2019 kavramlar\u0131 son derece kompleks bi\u00e7imde defalarca yeniden tan\u0131mland\u0131 ama bu \u00e7abalar yetersiz kald\u0131. Br\u00fcksel\u2019deki NATO Kararg\u00e2h\u0131nda s\u0131radan bir \u2018m\u00fc\u015fterek arama kurtarma tatbikat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n planlanmas\u0131 bile aylar almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Dahas\u0131 yeni \u00fcyeler kendi tehdit alg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 NATO\u2019nun \u2018m\u00fc\u015fterek tehdit\u2019 dosyas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015ftahla yerle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Tabiat\u0131yla, Portekiz\u2019le Estonya\u2019n\u0131n, Romanya ile Bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye ile Slovenya\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli tehdit alg\u0131lar\u0131 birbirinden h\u0131zla farkl\u0131la\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, NATO \u00fcyelerinin savunma harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 giderek k\u0131smas\u0131d\u0131r. Siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve ter\u00f6rizm gibi yeni tehditlerle m\u00fccadele pahal\u0131 savunma sistemlerini de gerekli k\u0131lmaktayken, NATO m\u00fcttefiklerinden sadece be\u015fi, Gayrisafi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131lalar\u0131n\u0131n en az %2\u2019sini savunmaya harcama ilkesine uymaktad\u0131r. 28 NATO \u00fcyesinin ortalamas\u0131 %1,18\u2019dir. Aralar\u0131nda \u0130talya ve Kanada gibi G-8 \u00fcyelerinin de bulundu\u011fu 8 \u00fcye \u00fclkenin oran\u0131 ise %1\u2019in alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u2018Ne kadar ekmek, o kadar k\u00f6fte\u2019 deyi\u015fi NATO\u2019nun bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumunu veciz bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">Be\u015fincisi, NATO\u2019nun bir liderinin olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. George Bush\u2019un Irak Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda NATO\u2019da yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin izleri bug\u00fcn h\u00e2len silinebilmi\u015f de\u011fildir. Barack Obama\u2019n\u0131n Libya Operasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u2018perde gerisinden liderlik\u2019 etmeyi se\u00e7mesi ABD\u2019nin NATO\u2019daki \u00f6nc\u00fc rol\u00fcn\u00fcn sorgulanmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">NATO\u2019nun bir sonraki zirveye kadar bu sorunlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u0130ttifak\u2019\u0131n varl\u0131k nedenini yeniden tan\u0131mlayarak zihniyet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine gitmesi laz\u0131m. Bunun i\u00e7in de, ABD\u2019nin yeniden NATO\u2019da liderli\u011fi eline almas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Kim bilir, belki &#8220;Kas\u0131m Se\u00e7imleri&#8221;nden sonra&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kuzey Atlantik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 Te\u015fkilat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (NATO) Var\u015fova\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 zirvesinin ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018g\u00fcney kanad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u2019 olarak belirlenmi\u015fti. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta bu ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda d\u00f6rt konu yer al\u0131yordu. DAE\u015e ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcyle, Taliban\u2019la, \u0130ran\u2019dan alg\u0131lanan f\u00fcze tehdidiyle ve Arap Bahar\u0131 sonras\u0131 ya\u015fanan m\u00fclteci dalgas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan sorunlarla m\u00fccadele. Fakat bu d\u00f6rt alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131nda, en az [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13067,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-1881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1881"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1881\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}