{"id":1851,"date":"2016-05-08T13:59:40","date_gmt":"2016-05-08T10:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1851"},"modified":"2024-03-07T16:16:25","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T13:16:25","slug":"abd-icine-kapanirsa-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1851","title":{"rendered":"ABD \u0130\u00c7\u0130NE KAPANIRSA (08.05.2016) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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ABD d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131 esas olarak 1948 \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 \u015feklinde iki ana d\u00f6neme b\u00f6lmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. ABD\u2019nin Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na girdi\u011fi ve d\u00f6nemin ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Woodrow Wilson\u2019un k\u00fcresel ili\u015fkilerin gidi\u015fat\u0131na do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahil olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 1917-1920 aras\u0131n\u0131 istisna tutarsak, asl\u0131nda kurulu\u015fundan \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kadar ABD \u201cyaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ad\u0131 verilen bir d\u0131\u015f politika prensibine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan bug\u00fcne kadar ise ABD\u2019nin k\u00fcresel bir d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Genellikle 1823\u2019te il\u00e2n edilen Monroe Doktrini\u2019yle ba\u015flat\u0131lsa da, asl\u0131nda ABD tipi yaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131k ilk ba\u015fkan George Washington\u2019un iktidar d\u00f6neminden itibaren \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. K\u0131saca, Avrupa devletleriyle kal\u0131c\u0131 ittifaklara girmeme ve Bat\u0131 Yar\u0131k\u00fcresi tabir edilen Kuzey ve G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019y\u0131 ihtiva eden b\u00f6lgenin tek h\u00e2kimi olma \u015feklinde \u00f6zetlenebilecek olan yaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi, uzun y\u0131llar boyunca ABD\u2019ye zarar de\u011fil, yarar getirmi\u015ftir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki, bu ilke sayesinde ABD 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 yoran sava\u015flardan uzak kalabilmi\u015f, Avrupa devletlerinin birbirleriyle u\u011fra\u015fmalar\u0131ndan istifade ederek hem kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015f, hem de G\u00fcney Amerika ve Karayibler b\u00f6lgesinin \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011fabeyi\u201d h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. Bilhassa \u0130spanya\u2019y\u0131 yendi\u011fi 1898 Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Filipinler, K\u00fcba, Porto Riko gibi topraklar\u0131 da ele ge\u00e7irerek, \u201cd\u00fcvel-i muazzama\u201d aras\u0131na eklenmi\u015ftir. Her ne kadar Amerikal\u0131 tarih\u00e7ilerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge ve emperyalizm gibi kavramlar\u0131n ABD yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131ndan hazzetmeseler de, ABD\u2019nin 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Haiti, K\u00fcba, Filipinler gibi b\u00f6lgelerde kurdu\u011fu himaye (protektora) y\u00f6netimleri, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin Afrika ve Uzak Asya\u2019da kurdu\u011fu s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6netimleriyle pek\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00fcy\u00fck benzerlikler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anayasan\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir h\u00fckm\u00fc h\u00e2line gelmemekle birlikte, Washington ve Monroe\u2019nun \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi yaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi ABD i\u00e7in kemikle\u015fmi\u015f bir d\u0131\u015f politika team\u00fcl\u00fc h\u00e2line gelmi\u015f, neredeyse  anayasal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sona ermesiyle birlikte, o zamanki h\u00e2kim g\u00fc\u00e7 olan Britanya\u2019n\u0131n bu vasf\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi, sava\u015f\u0131n galiplerinden Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin temsil etti\u011fi kom\u00fcnizmin, Bat\u0131n\u0131n ana dinami\u011fi olan kapitalist \u00fcretim modelini do\u011frudan tehdit etmesi sonucunu do\u011furunca ABD\u2019nin yaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131ktan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, Britanya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fcresel inhitat\u0131 ve bir ba\u015fka kapitalist devletin bu bo\u015flu\u011fu dolduracak durumda olmamas\u0131 Bat\u0131 \u00e2leminin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 temsil edecek bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak ABD\u2019nin k\u00fcresel bir siyaset izlemeye ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmi\u015ftir. Elbette, ABD\u2019nin yay\u0131lmac\u0131 end\u00fcstriyel ve ticari i\u00e7 dinamikleri de bu e\u011filimin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f politika ilkesi olmaktan bir Senato i\u015flemiyle resmen \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 1948\u2019deki Vandenberg Karar\u0131\u2019ndan, SSCB\u2019nin kendisini feshetti\u011fi 1991\u2019e kadar, ABD\u2019nin k\u00fcresel d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n ve asker\u00ee yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki gerek\u00e7esi \u201cd\u00fcnyay\u0131 kom\u00fcnizmden korumak\u201d olarak ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Bu tehdidin ortadan kalkmas\u0131yla e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak Amerikan i\u00e7 siyasetinde yaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fini savunanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Fakat k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta muhatap oldu\u011fu yeni tehditler, geleneksel m\u00fcttefiklerinin ABD\u2019nin liderli\u011fine olan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamaya devam etmeleri ve i\u00e7e kapanman\u0131n Amerikan y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunu getirece\u011fini savunan asker\u00ee-end\u00fcstriyel kompleks ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bask\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131kar gruplar\u0131n\u0131n siyasi iktidarlar \u00fczerindeki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etkileri sayesinde, i\u00e7e kapanmak \u015f\u00f6yle dursun Orta Do\u011fu\u2019dan Balkanlar\u2019a, Afrika\u2019dan Uzak Do\u011fu\u2019ya ABD\u2019nin m\u00fcd\u00e2hil olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir alan neredeyse kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir sonraki ABD ba\u015fkanl\u0131k koltu\u011fu i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc adaylardan Donald Trump\u2019un yeniden dillendirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn bir siyasi liderin ki\u015fisel arzusuyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7in\u2019in 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda k\u00fcresel h\u00e2kim g\u00fc\u00e7 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tahminden \u00f6te neredeyse bilimsel bir ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, Bat\u0131 \u00e2leminin bu g\u00fcc\u00fc dengeleyebilecek tek aday\u0131 ABD\u2019dir. ABD\u2019nin kendi yar\u0131k\u00fcresine \u00e7ekilmesi sadece bu \u00fclke i\u00e7in de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn kapitalist sistem i\u00e7in olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur. Avrupa devletleri ne m\u00fcnferiden ne de AB \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ftereken \u00c7in ile asker\u00ee veya ekonomik bir rekabeti y\u00fcr\u00fctebilecek kapasitede bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anla\u015f\u0131lan o ki, ABD ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kim gelirse gelsin, AB devletlerinin o ki\u015fiden ortak talepleri, Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na liderlik etmeye devam etmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ABD d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131 esas olarak 1948 \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 \u015feklinde iki ana d\u00f6neme b\u00f6lmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. ABD\u2019nin Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na girdi\u011fi ve d\u00f6nemin ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Woodrow Wilson\u2019un k\u00fcresel ili\u015fkilerin gidi\u015fat\u0131na do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahil olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 1917-1920 aras\u0131n\u0131 istisna tutarsak, asl\u0131nda kurulu\u015fundan \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kadar ABD \u201cyaln\u0131zc\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ad\u0131 verilen bir d\u0131\u015f politika prensibine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-1851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1851"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1851\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}