{"id":1833,"date":"2016-03-27T13:55:17","date_gmt":"2016-03-27T10:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1833"},"modified":"2024-03-07T16:27:51","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T13:27:51","slug":"abd-ve-kuba-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1833","title":{"rendered":"ABD ve K\u00dcBA (27.03.2016) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n K\u00fcba\u2019ya ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ziyaretle ilgili t\u00fcm haberlerde \u201ctarih\u00ee\u201d ifadesi kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ziyareti tarih\u00ee yapan sadece \u00e7ok uzun bir aradan sonra bir ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi de\u011fil. As\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan ABD\u2019nin So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019tan arta kalan son ikili problemini de \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131. \u201cABD i\u00e7in So\u011fuk Sava\u015f as\u0131l \u015fimdi bitti\u201d yorumlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131 var.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hemen yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndaki K\u00fcba\u2019ya ABD\u2019nin ilgisi kurulu\u015f d\u00f6nemlerine kadar uzan\u0131yor. ABD\u2019nin \u0130ngiltere\u2019den ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk y\u0131llarda bile K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n mutlaka ABD\u2019ye kat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen devlet adamlar\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<\/span><\/p>\n

1840’lardan itibaren ABD\u2019de alevlenen geni\u015flemeci ve bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde emperyalist ak\u0131mlar\u0131n ilk hedeflerinden biri de K\u00fcba\u2019yd\u0131. K\u00fcba\u2019y\u0131 ABD i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli k\u0131lan hem ticari \u00f6nemi hem de co\u011frafi konumuydu. \u015eeker kam\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve t\u00fct\u00fcn plantasyonlar\u0131 i\u015f adamlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ftah\u0131n\u0131 kabart\u0131rken, Ada\u2019n\u0131n ABD\u2019ye yap\u0131labilecek bir sald\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131\u00e7rama tahtas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi ihtimali de stratejik de\u011ferlendirmelerde yer al\u0131yordu. G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019daki s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerini 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde birer birer kaybeden \u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n elinde bulunan K\u00fcba, bu \u00fclkenin \u201cBat\u0131 Yar\u0131k\u00fcresi\u201dne d\u00f6n\u00fck d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n da can damar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

1898\u2019de \u0130spanya\u2019yla sava\u015ftan galibiyetle \u00e7\u0131kan ABD, Filipinler ve Porto Riko\u2019nun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra K\u00fcba\u2019y\u0131 da ele ge\u00e7irdi. ABD\u2019de K\u00fcba\u2019ya k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k verse de Ada, uzun y\u0131llar asl\u0131nda bir s\u00f6m\u00fcrge t\u00fcr\u00fc olan \u2018protektora\/himaye\u2019 rejimi alt\u0131nda kald\u0131. ABD 1901\u2019de, bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 Amerikan topra\u011f\u0131 olan Guantanamo b\u00f6lgesini ald\u0131ktan sonra K\u00fcba\u2019dan askerlerini \u00e7ekse de, \u00fclkeye olan yak\u0131n ilgisini ve siyasi m\u00fcdahalelerini devam ettirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nitekim 1930\u2019da ABD\u2019nin destekledi\u011fi Fulgencio Batista darbeyle iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irerek \u00fclkede bir dikta rejimi kurdu.<\/span><\/p>\n

ABD-K\u00fcba ili\u015fkilerinin kopmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an geli\u015fmeler ise 1959\u2019daki K\u00fcba Devrimi\u2019yle ba\u015flad\u0131. Batista\u2019y\u0131 deviren Fidel Castro ve Che Guavera liderli\u011findeki solcu gerillalar \u00fclkede kurduklar\u0131 yeni d\u00fczenle t\u00fcm yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 mill\u00eele\u015ftirdiler. Washington bundan rahats\u0131zl\u0131k duydu. Hatta, devrimden sonra ABD\u2019ye ka\u00e7an Batista yanl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 silahland\u0131r\u0131p e\u011fiten CIA 1961\u2019de Castro\u2019yu devirmek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ti. Domuzlar K\u00f6rfezi b\u00f6lgesine yap\u0131lan \u00e7\u0131karma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. ABD\u2019nin giderek artan tehditleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Castro SSCB\u2019ye yana\u015ft\u0131. Sovyetler i\u00e7in K\u00fcba\u2019yla asker\u00ee i\u015f birli\u011finin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 birtak\u0131m avantajlar vard\u0131. Zira ABD, SSCB\u2019nin hemen yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na, T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131na orta menzilli n\u00fckleer f\u00fczeler yerle\u015ftirmi\u015fti. Moskova da K\u00fcba\u2019ya n\u00fckleer f\u00fczeler yerle\u015ftirerek ABD\u2019ye misillemede bulunma f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek istiyordu. Ekim 1962\u2019de So\u011fuk Sava\u015f tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck krizi, SSCB\u2019nin K\u00fcba\u2019ya n\u00fckleer f\u00fcze yerle\u015ftirme giri\u015fimine ABD\u2019nin engel olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla ya\u015fand\u0131. D\u00fcnya bir n\u00fckleer sava\u015f\u0131n e\u015fi\u011finden d\u00f6nd\u00fc. SSCB K\u00fcba\u2019ya f\u00fcze yerle\u015ftirmekten vazge\u00e7ti. ABD ise 3 ay sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki f\u00fczeleri geri \u00e7ekti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130kili ili\u015fkileri tamamen kopan ABD ve K\u00fcba aras\u0131nda yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre devam edecek olan gerilimli bir d\u00f6nem ba\u015flad\u0131. CIA say\u0131s\u0131z kereler Castro\u2019yu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n Amerikan Devletleri \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ndeki \u00fcyeli\u011fi ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131. ABD K\u00fcba\u2019ya ambargo ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 taraf\u0131, ABD-K\u00fcba d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Berlin Duvar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 1989\u2019da y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na, SSCB\u2019nin 1991\u2019de ortadan kalkmas\u0131na ve d\u00fcnyada ideolojik kutupla\u015fman\u0131n sona ermesine ra\u011fmen devam etmekteydi. Obama, Ada\u2019y\u0131 ziyaret ederek yak\u0131nla\u015fmay\u0131 geriye d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi \u00e7ok zor bir noktaya ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Irak\u2019tan \u00e7ekilme ve \u0130ran\u2019la yeni bir sayfa a\u00e7ma gibi iki \u00f6nemli karara imza atan Obama\u2019n\u0131n K\u00fcba a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, resm\u00ee olarak kom\u00fcnist y\u00f6netime sahip bir \u00fclkeyle ABD\u2019nin tek ili\u015fkisi de\u011fil. Kom\u00fcnist \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti ve Vietnam\u2019la ABD aras\u0131nda gayet geli\u015fmi\u015f siyasi ve ekonomik ili\u015fkiler var. \u00dcstelik bu iki \u00fclkede de, t\u0131pk\u0131 K\u00fcba\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi ciddi insan haklar\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

ABD ve K\u00fcba devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n Havana\u2019daki ortak bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda \u2018insan haklar\u0131\u2019 gazetecilerin en fazla soru sorduklar\u0131 konu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Obama ve Raul Castro bu sorular\u0131 tam anlam\u0131yla ge\u00e7i\u015ftirdiler. Obama, kendileri i\u00e7in insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu ama devletlerin kendilerini y\u00f6netme bi\u00e7imine kar\u0131\u015fma niyetinde olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerken, Castro K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n insan haklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Bat\u0131\u2019dakinden \u00e7ok daha ileri oldu\u011funu savundu. \u0130ki taraf da ili\u015fkileri ilerletmekten yana olmal\u0131 ki, ilk g\u00fcnden b\u00f6yle hassas bir konunun \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00e7ok durmad\u0131lar. Tam da bu sebeple ziyaret, d\u0131\u015f politikada pragmatizmin \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak da tarihe ge\u00e7ti…<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n K\u00fcba\u2019ya ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ziyaretle ilgili t\u00fcm haberlerde \u201ctarih\u00ee\u201d ifadesi kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ziyareti tarih\u00ee yapan sadece \u00e7ok uzun bir aradan sonra bir ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi de\u011fil. As\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan ABD\u2019nin So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019tan arta kalan son ikili problemini de \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131. \u201cABD i\u00e7in So\u011fuk Sava\u015f as\u0131l \u015fimdi bitti\u201d yorumlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131 var. Hemen yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13177,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-1833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1833"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1833\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13177"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}