{"id":1821,"date":"2016-02-28T13:49:46","date_gmt":"2016-02-28T11:49:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1821"},"modified":"2024-03-07T16:35:17","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T13:35:17","slug":"ingiltere-abden-cikabilir-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1821","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ngiltere AB&#8217;den \u00e7\u0131kabilir (28.02.2016) \u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/back\/js\/ckeditor\/fileman\/uploads\/prof_dr_cagri.erhan@2x.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;\">Avrupa Birli\u011fi m\u00fclteci krizi ile \u00e7alkalanmaktayken, Birli\u011fin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya yenilenmesine yol a\u00e7abilecek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme kap\u0131da. \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 David Cameron, \u00fclkesinin AB \u00fcyesi olarak kal\u0131p kalmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin karar\u0131n al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 referandumun 23 Haziran\u2019da yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin, Almanya ve Fransa\u2019yla birlikte AB\u2019nin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 ekonomisinden biri oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, \u0130ngiltere ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi bir AB\u2019den art\u0131k s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacak. Yap\u0131lacak referandum \u0130ngiltere-AB ili\u015fkileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ilk de\u011fil. O d\u00f6nemki ad\u0131yla Avrupa Ekonomik Toplulu\u011fu\u2019na kat\u0131ld\u0131ktan iki y\u0131l sonra da, 1975\u2019te \u0130ngilizler referandum sand\u0131\u011f\u0131na gitmi\u015f ve \u2018Ortak Pazar\u2019da kalmaya karar vermi\u015flerdi. AB konusunu takip edenlerin bilece\u011fi gibi \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u00fcyeli\u011fi zaten her zaman \u2018istisnalarla\u2019 doluydu. Mesela \u0130ngiltere, AB\u2019nin kendi tarihi boyunca ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli iki kazan\u0131m olarak de\u011ferlendirilen Schengen ve Euro alanlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda durmay\u0131 tercih etmi\u015f, di\u011fer \u00fcyeler de bu karara sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Hatta \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u2018oyun bozan\u2019 tavr\u0131 sebebiyle 1997\u2019de AB\u2019nin kurucu antla\u015fmas\u0131nda tadilat yap\u0131larak oylama sisteminde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6ylece \u0130ngiltere, AB\u2019nin baz\u0131 alanlardaki ortak politikalar\u0131na \u2018olumlu \u00e7ekimserlik\u2019 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kat\u0131lmama imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulmu\u015ftu. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u0130sve\u00e7 ve \u0130rlanda da benimsemi\u015flerdi. Bilhassa 2008\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00fcresel ekonomik krizle birlikte \u0130ngiltere i\u00e7indeki AB kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda kayda de\u011fer bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlendi. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kendi varl\u0131k sebebi olarak benimseyen \u0130ngiltere Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Partisi\u2019nin ge\u00e7en y\u0131l may\u0131s ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imlerde oylar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %13\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc almas\u0131, dahas\u0131 hem Muhafazak\u00e2r Parti hem de \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partisi i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6nde gelen siyaset\u00e7inin AB\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kmak istediklerini dile getirmeye ba\u015flamalar\u0131 Cameron\u2019un evvelce s\u00f6z verdi\u011fi bir karar referandumunu yapmay\u0131 ertelemesini imk\u00e2ns\u0131z k\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130ngilizlerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn AB\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sebepleri aras\u0131nda, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin AB\u2019ye katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, AB\u2019nin \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye katk\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha fazla oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi yat\u0131yor. Di\u011fer \u00fcyelerde oldu\u011fu gibi, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de de halktan toplanan vergilerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc AB\u2019nin \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00fct\u00e7e kalemlerinin finansman\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. 2014 itibariyle 116 milyar Euro d\u00fczeyindeki AB b\u00fct\u00e7esinin 11.3 milyar Euro\u2019luk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130ngiltere kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015f durumda. Bu h\u00e2liyle \u0130ngiltere, Almanya, Fransa ve \u0130talya\u2019dan sonra b\u00fct\u00e7eye en fazla katk\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00fclke konumunda. \u0130ngiltere Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Partisi\u2019nin se\u00e7im propagandas\u0131 i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bro\u015f\u00fcrlerde ise bu rakam \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek g\u00f6steriliyor. Di\u011fer yandan, AB\u2019nin \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye katk\u0131s\u0131 ise \u0130ngilizlerin beklentilerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda. \u00dcyelikten \u00e7\u0131kma konusunda \u0131srarl\u0131 olan \u0130ngilizlerin ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir di\u011fer sebep ise AB\u2019nin ileride \u2018Avrupa Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme arzusunun devam etmesi. Esasen son krizlerden sonra g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Avrupa Birle\u015fik Devletleri idealinden bahseden AB vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f olsa da, AB kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u0130ngilizler bu konuyu g\u00fcndemde tutmaya ve \u015fiddetle itiraz etmeye devam ediyorlar. Lizbon Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019yla yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden sonra mevcut AB m\u00fcktesebat\u0131na g\u00f6re isteyen \u00fcye elini kolunu sallayarak AB\u2019den ayr\u0131lam\u0131yor. Antla\u015fma\u2019n\u0131n 50. Maddesine g\u00f6re, \u00fcye \u00fclkenin ayr\u0131lma talebini bildirmesinden itibaren iki y\u0131l i\u00e7inde AB ile o \u00fclke aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak m\u00fczakereler neticesinde bir ayr\u0131lma antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu s\u00fcre taraflar\u0131n mutabakat\u0131yla uzayabilir. \u0130mzalanacak antla\u015fman\u0131n da, AB Parlamentosu\u2019ndan al\u0131nacak olumlu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan AB Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan nitelikli \u00e7o\u011funlukla onaylanmas\u0131 icap ediyor. \u0130ngiltere \u015fayet ayr\u0131lma karar\u0131 al\u0131rsa, bunun T\u00fcrkiye-AB ili\u015fkilerine de olumsuz baz\u0131 yans\u0131malar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fimdiden de\u011ferlendirmek gerekiyor. Zira \u0130ngiltere T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB s\u00fcrecine en fazla destek veren \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok AB \u00fcyesiyle mukayese edildi\u011finde, \u0130ngiltere halk\u0131n\u0131n da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB \u00fcyeli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bug\u00fcne kadarki t\u00fcm kamuoyu yoklamalar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. H\u00e2l b\u00f6yle olunca da, zaten pamuk ipli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcyen T\u00fcrkiye-AB ili\u015fkilerinin, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Birli\u011fi terk etmesinden sonra iyice zor bir d\u00f6neme girebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz&#8230; 28.02.2016<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avrupa Birli\u011fi m\u00fclteci krizi ile \u00e7alkalanmaktayken, Birli\u011fin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya yenilenmesine yol a\u00e7abilecek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme kap\u0131da. \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 David Cameron, \u00fclkesinin AB \u00fcyesi olarak kal\u0131p kalmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin karar\u0131n al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 referandumun 23 Haziran\u2019da yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin, Almanya ve Fransa\u2019yla birlikte AB\u2019nin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 ekonomisinden biri oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, \u0130ngiltere ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi bir AB\u2019den [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13200,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[11],"class_list":["post-1821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete","tag-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1821"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1821\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1821"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}