{"id":1783,"date":"2009-02-03T09:35:49","date_gmt":"2009-02-03T07:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=813"},"modified":"2024-03-08T10:49:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T07:49:06","slug":"60-yilinda-nato-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1783","title":{"rendered":"60. YILINDA NATO (03.02.2009) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Obama, NATO’nun 60. y\u0131l zirvesinde \u00f6nemli bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m ba\u015flatmazsa; mevcut ittifak, pusulas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f gemi gibi operasyonlar d\u00fczenlemeye ve ger\u00e7ek hedeflerinden uzakla\u015fmaya devam edecek<\/strong> Bu y\u0131l Kuzey Atlantik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc’n\u00fcn (NATO) kurulu\u015funun 60. y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f’\u0131n yava\u015f yava\u015f t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na almaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, ABD’nin Kanada ve 9 Avrupa \u00fclkesiyle bir araya gelmesiyle 1949’da kurulan NATO, o g\u00fcnden beri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en etkin g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Esas olarak “kom\u00fcnist tehdidini” bertaraf etmek maksad\u0131yla bir So\u011fuk Sava\u015f kurumu olarak olu\u015fturulan NATO’nun So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 k\u00fcresel ortama intibak etmesi kolay olmad\u0131. 1989’da Berlin Duvar\u0131’n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla So\u011fuk Sava\u015f’\u0131n sona eri\u015fini takibe \u00f6nce bir bocalama evresi ge\u00e7iren NATO ancak 1990’lar\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru kendisini toparlayabildi. S\u00f6z konusu bocalaman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sebebi, NATO’nun Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131m\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Scorpions’un “wind of change”‘i (de\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131) \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llard\u0131: “Mosova’ya, Gorki Park\u0131’na do\u011fru u\u00e7tum. \/ Bir a\u011fustos yaz\u0131 ak\u015fam\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131n\u0131 dinledim. \/ Askerler ge\u00e7iyordu \u00f6n\u00fcmden. \/ De\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131n\u0131 dinledim.” Asl\u0131nda r\u00fczg\u00e2r de\u011fil tufand\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dinledi\u011fi. \u00d6nce “duvar” pe\u015fi s\u0131ra da Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve Var\u015fova Pakt\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130kinci sava\u015f\u0131 takiben ge\u00e7en yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca herkesin al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ezber bozulmu\u015ftu. Yepyeni bir d\u00fcnya kurulmaktayd\u0131. Peki, d\u00fc\u015fman tarihe g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re art\u0131k NATO gibi bir \u00f6rg\u00fcte ihtiya\u00e7 var m\u0131yd\u0131? Avrupal\u0131 m\u00fcttefikler aras\u0131nda, k\u0131tan\u0131n kendi g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131k NATO’suz da sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olsa da, Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7inde son s\u00f6z\u00fc, her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi, Washington s\u00f6yledi: NATO ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmayacakt\u0131. Yeni d\u00f6nemin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftirecek, yeni \u00fcyeler kabul edecek, yeni politikalar olu\u015fturacak, faaliyet alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletecek ve transatlantik g\u00fcvenli\u011finin korunmas\u0131na hizmet etmeye devam edecekti. Elbette, ABD’nin arzusu transatlantik g\u00fcvenli\u011finin muhafazas\u0131ndan ziyade, Avrupa-Atlantik b\u00f6lgesinde NATO \u00fczerinden kurgulam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu h\u00e2kimiyeti kaybetmemekti. Yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca NATO’yu son derece m\u00fcessir bir ara\u00e7 olarak bu alanda kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde kabu\u011funa \u00e7ekilmeyece\u011fine, bilakis, rakipsiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesinde tek ba\u015f\u0131na hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131 ilan edece\u011fine g\u00f6re, NATO gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir siyaset arac\u0131n\u0131 neden kaybedecekti ki? Nitekim uluslararas\u0131 geli\u015fmeler tam da ABD’nin istedi\u011fi bir ortam\u0131 var etti. Kafkaslar ve Balkanlarda ya\u015fanan etnik ve dinsel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, ter\u00f6rizmin \u00e7ehre ve y\u00f6ntem de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi, kitle imha silahlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7 \u015febekelerinin eylemlerini mahalle seviyesinden k\u0131ta seviyesine ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 vb. geli\u015fmelerin pe\u015f pe\u015fe geli\u015fi ABD’nin y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle NATO’nun da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131. 1991’deki stratejik konsept belgesini, 1999’da \u0130ttifak’\u0131n 50. y\u0131l\u0131nda -ve devletler hukuku a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 Kosova Harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan- ilan edilen Yeni Stratejik Konsept izledi. NATO art\u0131k kendisini sadece \u00fcyelerini a\u00e7\u0131k bir silahl\u0131 tecav\u00fcze kar\u015f\u0131 koruyan bir savunma ittifak\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131yor, transatlantik alan\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik ve istikrar\u0131n\u0131n sigortas\u0131 olarak konumland\u0131r\u0131yordu. YEN\u0130DEN YAPILANDIRILDI<\/strong>\u015e\u00fcphesiz yeni tehditlerle m\u00fccadele yeni y\u00f6ntemler gerektiriyordu. NATO komutanl\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, acil m\u00fcdahale g\u00fc\u00e7leri kuruldu, Rusya Federasyonu, BM, AG\u0130T ve AB ile yeni i\u015f birli\u011fi mekanizmalar\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu. 1999 ve 2004’te eski do\u011fu bloku \u00fclkelerini b\u00fcnyesine katan NATO \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 26’ya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Nisan 2009’da yap\u0131lacak Strasburg\/Kehl zirvesiyle bu say\u0131 28’e \u00e7\u0131kacak. Ayr\u0131ca NATO, Bosna, Kosova, Makedonya, Afganistan ve Darfur’da operasyonlar d\u00fczenledi. Akdeniz’de ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 Aktif Giri\u015fim harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc; korsanl\u0131kla m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in Aden K\u00f6rfezine ve Somali a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131na sava\u015f gemileri g\u00f6nderdi. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fan\u0131rken NATO \u00e7evrelerinde \u015fu hakl\u0131 sorular sorulmaya ba\u015flad\u0131: NATO’nun g\u00f6rev alan\u0131 Avrupa ve Atlantik co\u011frafyas\u0131 ise, Afganistan’da, Sudan’da, Somali’de ne i\u015fimiz var? 1949’da imzaland\u0131ktan sonra -T\u00fcrkiye ve Yunanistan’\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck eklemeler hari\u00e7- hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeyen Kuzey Atlantik Antla\u015fmas\u0131, \u0130ttifak’\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc faaliyetlerine ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hukuksal bir zemin sunuyor? Bu antla\u015fman\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinin zaman\u0131 gelmedi mi? Acaba NATO, yeni kat\u0131l\u0131mlar ve yeni bir sorumluluk tarifiyle, k\u00fcresel bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne mi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmeli? Yukar\u0131dakiler ve benzeri sorular 30-31 Ocak 2009 tarihlerinde, T\u00fcrk-Atlantik Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da yerli ve yabanc\u0131 \u00fcst d\u00fczey yetkilinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 17. Antalya G\u00fcvenlik ve \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Konferans\u0131’nda da soruldu. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n birle\u015fti\u011fi nokta, NATO’nun d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc hen\u00fcz tamamlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ancak yeni d\u00f6nemin tehditlerinin tabiat\u0131 tam olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve mevcut sis perdesi araland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tamamlanabilece\u011fi ifade edildi. H\u00e2lbuki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc tamamlanamamas\u0131n\u0131n ve NATO’nun 1999 Stratejik Konseptinden sonra nisan ay\u0131nda yeni bir stratejik konsepti daha y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sokmaya haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sebebi, NATO \u00fclkelerinin Berlin Duvar\u0131’n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan 20 y\u0131l sonra bile h\u00e2l\u00e2 bu \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin net bir karara ula\u015famam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131. Evet t\u00fcm \u00fcyeler \u0130ttifak’\u0131n devam\u0131ndan yana. Ama Afganistan’da ne kadar kal\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Irak silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin ne kadar s\u00fcre daha e\u011fitilece\u011fini, Rusya’n\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan ve Ukrayna’n\u0131n NATO \u00fcyeliklerini engelleyici tutumunun nas\u0131l a\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormaya g\u00f6r\u00fcn. 27 \u00fcyeden 27 farkl\u0131 ses \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Muhtemelen Barack Obama NATO’nun 60. y\u0131l zirvesinde \u0130ttifak’\u0131n gelece\u011fine damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuracak \u00f6nemli bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m ba\u015flatarak, \u0130ttifak’\u0131n k\u00fcresel g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beklentileri g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek. Aksi takdirde, 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r kendisini yeni d\u00f6neme uydurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan NATO pusulas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f gemi gibi, bir o yana, bir bu yana operasyonlar d\u00fczenlemeye ve ger\u00e7ek hedeflerinden uzakla\u015fmaya devam edecek.Bilmediklerimiz NATO Stratejileri <\/strong>NATO kuruldu\u011fu andan itibaren savunma politikalar\u0131n\u0131 “NATO Stratejisi” ad\u0131 verilen ba\u015fl\u0131klar alt\u0131nda toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan So\u011fuk Sava\u015f’\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 nedeni olarak da kabul edilen Kuzey Atlantik \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, 1952’de Lizbon’da “S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 Sava\u015f” yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 benimseyerek Sovyetler Birli\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda h\u0131zla asker say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve askeri say\u0131sal dengenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemekteydi. Ancak \u00e7ok fazla asker beslemenin maliyeti ve Sovyetlerin h\u0131zla atom silahlar\u0131 kapasitesini geli\u015ftirmesiyle 22 Kas\u0131m 1954’te Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’ne n\u00fckleer silahlarla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren “Kitlesel Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Stratejisi” benimsendi. SSCB’nin etkin n\u00fckleer silahlar ve f\u00fczeler geli\u015ftirmesi ve n\u00fckleer bir sava\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcm taraflar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi tehlikesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda “Esnek Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Stratejisi” geli\u015ftirildi ve bir sald\u0131r\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda denetimli bir t\u0131rmanma politikas\u0131 izlenmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f’\u0131n sona ermesinin ard\u0131ndan NATO’nun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde Ekim 1991’de “Yeni Stratejik Konsept” kabul edildi. Buna g\u00f6re \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn tek varolu\u015f nedeninin toplu savunma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcye \u00fclkeleri etkileyen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc krizin y\u00f6netimiyle de ilgilendi\u011fi belirtiliyordu. 1999 “Yeni Stratejik Konsept”i ile de \u00fcye \u00fclkeleri tehdit eden etnik ve dinsel, b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, ter\u00f6rizm, insan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri gibi konular NATO’nun yeni g\u00f6rev alan\u0131 olarak belirlendi. NATO (Kuzey Atlantik \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc) Kronolojisi i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Obama, NATO’nun 60. y\u0131l zirvesinde \u00f6nemli bir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m ba\u015flatmazsa; mevcut ittifak, pusulas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f gemi gibi operasyonlar d\u00fczenlemeye ve ger\u00e7ek hedeflerinden uzakla\u015fmaya devam edecek Bu y\u0131l Kuzey Atlantik Antla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc’n\u00fcn (NATO) kurulu\u015funun 60. y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. So\u011fuk Sava\u015f’\u0131n yava\u015f yava\u015f t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na almaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, ABD’nin Kanada ve 9 Avrupa \u00fclkesiyle bir araya gelmesiyle 1949’da […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13936,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1783\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}