{"id":1623,"date":"2015-03-08T14:45:29","date_gmt":"2015-03-08T12:45:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1623"},"modified":"2024-03-07T21:42:26","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T18:42:26","slug":"abdnin-yeni-ulusal-guvenlik-stratejisi-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1623","title":{"rendered":"ABD’nin yeni Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Stratejisi (08.03.2015) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Strateji belgesinde ABD’nin ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 d\u00f6rt temel \u00f6ncelik halinde s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f:<\/strong>Irak, Suriye ve Rusya geli\u015fmeleri d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemini i\u015fgal ederken, Obama y\u00f6netimi 2010’da ilan etti\u011fi Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Stratejisi’ni g\u00fcncelleyerek, \u015fubat ay\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyuyla payla\u015ft\u0131. ABD’nin “d\u00fcnya lideri” oldu\u011fu ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr gelecekte de bu liderli\u011fi “devam ettirece\u011fi” iddias\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan s\u00f6z konusu strateji, Washington’un k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmeleri nas\u0131l g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve yorumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da en net ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

-ABD’nin, Amerikan vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve ABD’nin m\u00fcttefikleri ve ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini garanti alt\u0131na almak;<\/span><\/p>\n

-F\u0131rsat\u0131 ve refah\u0131 art\u0131ran, uluslararas\u0131 ekonomik sisteme a\u00e7\u0131k, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, \u00fcretici ve b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir ekonomiye sahip olmak;<\/span><\/p>\n

-Yurtta ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada evrensel de\u011ferlere sayg\u0131y\u0131 temin etmek;<\/span><\/p>\n

-K\u00fcresel meydan okumalara kar\u015f\u0131 ABD liderli\u011finde geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f kural-temelli bir uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeni olu\u015fturmak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obama’ya g\u00f6re, bu \u00f6ncelikli \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda ABD baz\u0131 ciddi k\u00fcresel tehditlerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. 11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001’den bu yana oldu\u011fu gibi, bu stratejide de ABD’nin alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 birincil tehdit, “ABD’ye veya kritik altyap\u0131lara yap\u0131labilecek y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar” olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f. Bunu “\u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ABD vatanda\u015flar\u0131na ve m\u00fcttefiklere yap\u0131labilecek sald\u0131r\u0131lar veya tehditler” takip ediyor. “K\u00fcresel ekonomik kriz”; “kitle imha silahlar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve\/veya kullan\u0131lmas\u0131”, “k\u00fcresel bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar”, “iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi”, “enerji pazarlar\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck bozulmalar” ve “zay\u0131f ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z devletlerle ilgi \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvenlik sorunlar\u0131 (kitlesel mezalim, b\u00f6lgesel yay\u0131lma, ulus-\u00f6tesi \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7lar)” ABD’nin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu di\u011fer tehditler olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Stratejisi’nin en dikkat \u00e7ekici y\u00f6n\u00fc, ABD’nin k\u00fcresel liderli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken hangi unsurlar\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kartaca\u011f\u0131yla ilgili. Obama, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce “g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fczle liderlik edece\u011fiz” diyor ve ekliyor: “Amerika istisnai bir \u00fclkedir.” Obama’ya g\u00f6re bu istisnai durum ABD’nin rakip tan\u0131maz asker\u00ee ve ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6tesinde, “ABD’nin kurulu\u015f de\u011ferlerinden ve Amerikan halk\u0131n\u0131n dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, yetene\u011fi ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finden” kaynaklan\u0131yor. ABD, bu unsurlar\u0131 kullanarak ekonomik krizi tamamen atlatmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Liderli\u011fin ayn\u0131 zamanda ba\u015fka \u00fclkelere \u00f6rnek olarak yap\u0131labilece\u011fini ifade eden Obama, ABD’nin kurumsal yap\u0131s\u0131, kurumlar aras\u0131 koordinasyon ve iyi y\u00f6neti\u015fim ilkeleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesi taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rnek al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Stratejisi’nde ABD’nin liderli\u011fini per\u00e7inlerken, daha \u00e7ok \u00fclke ve b\u00f6lgeyle, g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f ve \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmi\u015f i\u015f birli\u011fine gidilece\u011fi bir kez daha belirtiliyor. “Liyakatli ortaklarla birlikte liderlik edece\u011fiz” diyen Obama, ABD’nin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yerinde tek ba\u015f\u0131na inisiyatif almayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da vurgulam\u0131\u015f oluyor. 2002’de ilan edilen ve Bush Doktrini olarak nitelendirilen stratejiyle mukayese edildi\u011finde, ABD’nin k\u00fcresel i\u015f birli\u011fi mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya verdi\u011fi \u00f6nem net bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, bug\u00fcnlerde uluslararas\u0131 akademisyenleri aras\u0131nda moda haline gelen, “sert g\u00fc\u00e7”, “yumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7”, “ak\u0131ll\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7” gibi ayr\u0131mlara gidilmeyen strateji belgesinde, “ABD g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla liderlik edece\u011fiz” iddias\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Obama’ya g\u00f6re, ABD; asker\u00ee, ekonomik, diplomatik, hukuksal, bilimsel ve teknolojik g\u00fc\u00e7lerin uyum i\u00e7inde ve b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla d\u00fcnya lideri olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Son olarak, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tarih\u00ee bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilen belgede, ABD’nin ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 alanda att\u0131\u011f\u0131 her ad\u0131m\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn uzun vadeli muhtemel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayarak ataca\u011f\u0131 kaydediliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Obama y\u00f6netimi bu strateji belgesiyle Avrupal\u0131 m\u00fcttefiklerle yak\u0131n i\u015f birli\u011finin derinle\u015ftirilece\u011fini ifade ederken, Rusya’ya kar\u015f\u0131 tak\u0131n\u0131lan tutumun taviz verilmeden s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini de vurguluyor. Ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadelenin uluslararas\u0131 alanda devam edece\u011finin ve Orta Do\u011fu’nun istikrara kavu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u015fin \u00e7abalar\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kaydedildi\u011fi belgede belki de en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 husus Asya-Pasifik b\u00f6lgesiyle ilgili. ABD, k\u00fcresel g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezini Asya-Pasifik alan\u0131na kayd\u0131rmaya devam edece\u011fini ilan ediyor. Bu ise, \u00c7in ile ABD aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda daha fazla su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 kanaatini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu belgede yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilece\u011fi bilinmez ama ABD’nin, kendi Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Stratejisi’ni, d\u00f6nem d\u00f6nem g\u00fcncelleyerek herkesle payla\u015fmas\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan bir durum. D\u00fcnyada pek az devlet kendi \u00f6nceliklerini, risk analizlerini ve hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in izleyece\u011fi y\u00f6ntemi ABD’nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi derli toplu haz\u0131rlay\u0131p, ilan ediyor. Bu biraz da kendine g\u00fcvenle ilgili herh\u00e2lde…<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Strateji belgesinde ABD’nin ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 d\u00f6rt temel \u00f6ncelik halinde s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f:Irak, Suriye ve Rusya geli\u015fmeleri d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemini i\u015fgal ederken, Obama y\u00f6netimi 2010’da ilan etti\u011fi Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Stratejisi’ni g\u00fcncelleyerek, \u015fubat ay\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyuyla payla\u015ft\u0131. ABD’nin “d\u00fcnya lideri” oldu\u011fu ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr gelecekte de bu liderli\u011fi “devam ettirece\u011fi” iddias\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan s\u00f6z konusu strateji, Washington’un k\u00fcresel geli\u015fmeleri nas\u0131l g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13484,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1623"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}