{"id":1037,"date":"2010-07-06T12:47:55","date_gmt":"2010-07-06T09:47:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1037"},"modified":"2024-03-08T09:25:15","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T06:25:15","slug":"spor-ve-kamu-diplomasisi-turkiye-gazetesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/?p=1037","title":{"rendered":"Spor ve kamu diplomasisi (06.07.2010) T\u00fcrkiye Gazetesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00dcL’DEN FUTBOL D\u0130PLOMAS\u0130S\u0130 <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

2008’de T\u00fcrkiye-Ermenistan milli tak\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Erivan’da yap\u0131lan D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131 grup elemeleri ma\u00e7\u0131na Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl’\u00fcn gitmesi, futbol diplomasisi olarak nitelendirilmi\u015fti. G\u00fcl’\u00fcn Ermenistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Serj Sarkisyan ile birlikte izledi\u011fi ma\u00e7ta A Milli Futbol Tak\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z, rakip tak\u0131m\u0131 2-0 yenmi\u015fti. PREST\u0130J ARACI <\/strong>FIFA D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131’n\u0131 milyarlarca insan takip ediyor. Organizasyon, \u00fclkelerinin kamuoyundaki prestijlerinin artmas\u0131na da katk\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.\u0130ST\u0130KRAR OLMALI <\/strong>Sporun \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kamu diplomasisi arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilmesi ancak istikrar ve s\u00fcreklilik arz etti\u011fi m\u00fcddet\u00e7e olabilir. FIFA D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131 10 Temmuzda oynanacak final kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131yla sona erecek. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden milyarlarca insan ma\u00e7 yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 takip ediyor. Milli tak\u0131mlar ve onlar\u0131 desteklemeye giden seyirciler sadece bir turnuvada ba\u015far\u0131 pe\u015finde ko\u015fmuyorlar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkelerinin uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyundaki prestijlerinin artmas\u0131na da katk\u0131 sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Ancak \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar harcanarak yap\u0131labilecek tan\u0131t\u0131m faaliyetleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck spor organizasyonlar\u0131 sayesinde daha etkin bi\u00e7imde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebiliyor. Uluslararas\u0131 bir spor olay\u0131n\u0131, bir zamanlar ge\u00e7erli ad\u0131yla propaganda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc tabirle kamu diplomasisi i\u00e7in kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk \u00fclke Nazi Almanyas\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. Adolf Hitler, 1936 Berlin Olimpiyatlar\u0131n\u0131, Nazi rejiminin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fi bir f\u0131rsat olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcm m\u00fcsabakalar\u0131 filme ald\u0131rarak Alman sporcular\u0131n\u0131n di\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re “\u00fcst\u00fcn” olduklar\u0131n\u0131 herkese duyurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu olimpiyatlarda Almanya toplam 90 madalya toplayarak en yak\u0131n takip\u00e7isi ABD’ye 34 fark atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ama Hitler’in Kavgam adl\u0131 \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 kitab\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyah \u0131rktan Amerikal\u0131 atlet Jesse Owens’\u0131n, en \u00f6nemli atletizm m\u00fcsabakas\u0131 say\u0131lan 100 metre ko\u015fusunda birinci gelmesi Hitler’i fena halde \u00f6fkelendirmi\u015fti. \u00dcstelik Owens, 200 metre, uzun atlama ve 4×100 bayrak yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da alt\u0131n madalya kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Berlin 1936, Hitler’in “\u00fcst\u00fcn” Alman gen\u00e7lerinin de\u011fil, \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Reich’\u0131n ba\u015fkentinde 4 alt\u0131n madalya kazanan Jesse Owens’\u0131n tarihe ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir olimpiyat oldu. \u0130DEOLOJ\u0130K M\u00dcCADELE<\/strong>So\u011fuk Sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131 boyunca Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu bloku \u00fclkeleri her alanda oldu\u011fu gibi spor alan\u0131nda da birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Uluslararas\u0131 sportif organizasyonlarda Amerikal\u0131 ve Sovyet sporcular\u0131n birbirleriyle yar\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, d\u00fcnyaya “biz onlardan daha iyiyiz” mesaj\u0131 verilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Zaman zaman da ideolojik m\u00fccadelenin g\u00f6lgesi sporun \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkeler 1980 Moskova Olimpiyatlar\u0131n\u0131, Do\u011fu bloku \u00fclkeleri ise 1984 Los Angeles Olimpiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 boykot ettiler. Di\u011fer yandan sporun So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde bile bir diplomasi arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da olmu\u015ftu. 1971’de ABD masa tenisi milli tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti’ne davet edilmesiyle 1949’dan beri kesik olan ili\u015fkiler ilk kez kuruldu. Masa tenisi m\u00fcsabakalar\u0131n\u0131, ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Richard Nixon’\u0131n ABD-\u00c7in ili\u015fkilerinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 say\u0131labilecek Pekin ziyareti takip etti. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek ise T\u00fcrkiye-Ermenistan ili\u015fkilerinden verilebilir. 2008’de iki \u00fclke milli tak\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Erivan’da yap\u0131lan ma\u00e7a Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl’\u00fcn de gitmesi, futbol diplomasisi olarak nitelendirilmi\u015fti. \u0130leti\u015fim teknolojilerinin ak\u0131l almaz bir h\u0131zla geli\u015fti\u011fi ve borsa i\u015flemlerinden, sava\u015flara kadar her \u015feyin, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir k\u00f6\u015fesinden neredeyse an\u0131nda, canl\u0131 olarak seyredilebildi\u011fi k\u00fcreselle\u015fme d\u00f6neminde, spor faaliyetlerini kullanarak kamu diplomasisi y\u00fcr\u00fctmek bir\u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkenin \u00f6ncelikleri aras\u0131na girdi. Son 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler literat\u00fcr\u00fcndeki yerini alan “yumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7” unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131na sportif ba\u015far\u0131 da eklendi. Dahas\u0131, \u00fclkelerin uluslararas\u0131 alandaki imajlar\u0131n\u0131n ve alg\u0131lanma bi\u00e7imlerinin olu\u015fumunda spor \u00f6nemli bir yer i\u015fgal etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 2002’de Japonya ve G\u00fcney Kore’de d\u00fczenlenen FIFA D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131’nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olmas\u0131ndan sonra bu \u00fclkelerde T\u00fcrkiye’ye olan ilginin artmas\u0131 bu durumun g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. TANITIM \u0130\u00c7\u0130N KULLANILMALI <\/strong>T\u00fcm yumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7 unsurlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, sporun da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kamu diplomasisi arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilmesi ancak istikrar ve s\u00fcreklilik arz etti\u011fi m\u00fcddet\u00e7e olabilir. D\u00fcnya kupas\u0131nda bir kez boy g\u00f6stermek, bir b\u00fcy\u00fck uluslararas\u0131 turnuvaya bir kez ev sahipli\u011fi yapmak yeterli de\u011fildir. Bir yandan her f\u0131rsat\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak, di\u011fer taraftan da yeni b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmek icap eder. Bu ise rasyonel bir kamu diplomasisi stratejisiyle olur. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye’nin ev sahipli\u011fini yapaca\u011f\u0131 muazzam iki organizasyon var: 28 A\u011fustos-12 Eyl\u00fcl aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak FIBA D\u00fcnya Basketbol \u015eampiyonas\u0131 ve Ocak 2011’de Erzurum’da ba\u015flayacak \u00dcniversite Olimpiyatlar\u0131 (Universiade). T\u00fcrkiye, stratejik akl\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rsa, bu iki \u015fampiyonay\u0131 da d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndeminde haftalarca yer edinebilece\u011fi f\u0131rsatlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir. Son \u00fc\u00e7 haftad\u0131r G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n “vuvuzela”s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131mayan kimse kald\u0131 m\u0131? Bizim davul-zurnam\u0131z\u0131n neyi eksik?<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00dcL’DEN FUTBOL D\u0130PLOMAS\u0130S\u0130  2008’de T\u00fcrkiye-Ermenistan milli tak\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Erivan’da yap\u0131lan D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131 grup elemeleri ma\u00e7\u0131na Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl’\u00fcn gitmesi, futbol diplomasisi olarak nitelendirilmi\u015fti. G\u00fcl’\u00fcn Ermenistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Serj Sarkisyan ile birlikte izledi\u011fi ma\u00e7ta A Milli Futbol Tak\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z, rakip tak\u0131m\u0131 2-0 yenmi\u015fti. PREST\u0130J ARACI FIFA D\u00fcnya Kupas\u0131’n\u0131 milyarlarca insan takip ediyor. Organizasyon, \u00fclkelerinin kamuoyundaki prestijlerinin artmas\u0131na da katk\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13767,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gazete"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cagrierhan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}